ORDER GPHIDIA. 



I. Shell and sternum immoveable, sternal plates in the 

 gular pair being separate. Testudo. 



Indian Tortoise. Test. Indica, Lin. Test. Retusat Merrem. 

 Test. Elephantopus, Harlan. Test. Nigra, and Test. 

 Californica, Gaimard. Test. Gigantea, Schw. and Test. 

 Dussumieri, Schegel. Shaw, t. 3. Frey. Voy. t. 



Shell black, nuchal plate, often deficient ; pectoral plates 

 short. India, naturalized in California, Isle of France and 

 Galapago Isles. Length three feet. 



Hercules Tortoise. Testudo Hercules, Spix. Braz. t. 14. 

 Test. Carbonaria, Spix. t. 16. 



Shell subquadrate, depressed, contracted in the sides, black, 

 areola yellow, rarely exceeds three quarters of an inch in 

 width. Nuchal plate none. Sternum behind roundly lobed, 

 leg red spotted, length twenty -four inches. South Araerica, 

 Var. Truncata. Shield and bones beneath elevated, coni- 

 cal, truncated. 



Tabular Tortoise, Shaw. Test. Tabulata, Walb. Schoepf. 



t. 12. f. 2. t. 13. T. Sculpta, Spix. t. 15. T. Cagado, 



Spix. t. 17. Young, T. denticulata, Lin. 

 Shell oblong, depressed, deeply grooved ; black brown 

 areola large ; the sternum behind rather acutely lobed. 

 Brazils. 



Schweiger Tortoise. Test. Schweigeri, n. 



Shell oblong, depressed, pale brown, obscurely brown dotted ; 

 beneath brown rayed ; areola small central ; sternum before 

 acutely cut. Hab. ? 



Gopher Tortoise. Test. Polyphemus, Bartram. T. depressa, 

 Lesueur, Mss. Guerin. Icon. 1. 1. f. 1. T. Carolina, Leconte 

 Mus. Paris. 



Shell oblong, depressed pale brown grooved ; nuchal plate 



B 2 3 



