CLARKE : THE BIRDS OF YORKSHIRE. 69 



Finally one was obtained at Waplington Manor, near Pock- 

 lington, early in January, 1882, and recorded in the Field 

 (1882, p. 201), and later in the Zoologist (1882, p. 74) by Mr. 

 Jas. Backhouse, Junr, 



TURDUS VISCIYOHUS L. 

 Missel-Thrush. 



A common resident. 



' Common over the county.' — Thomas Allis, 1844. 



In addition to being a very generally distributed and 

 abundant resident, flocks of immigrant Missel-Thrushes arrive 

 on our coast in the autumn from northern Europe, where the 

 bird is to some extent a summer visitant ; thus at Redcar on 

 the 4th of October, 1884, at 8 a.m., flocks were 'coming in,' 

 the wind being N.W. and fresh (Sixth Migration Report, p. 41). 

 Some of these immigrants, perhaps, remain with us during the 

 winter months, or they may, as Mr. Cordeaux states (Birds of 

 Humber District, p. 19), leave us for a more southerly clime on 

 the first really severe weather. Our indigenous birds however 

 seem to be of a strictly resident turn, frequenting as a rule 

 the vicinity of their chosen haunts, except in very severe seasons 

 when they are compelled to roam southwards. In the excep- 

 tional winters of 1878-9 and 1879-80 their numbers were very 

 materially reduced, and for the following year or two their 

 diminished ranks were the theme of many notes. Now how- 

 ever they are quite as numerous as ever. 



This bird nests in a variety of situations, being equally at 

 home and well-known in the more secluded gardens around our 

 great towns, in orchards and woodlands, in the alders bordering 

 our upland streams, in the fir plantations which so frequently 

 fringe the moors, while in some instances nests have been found 

 on the very moorlands occupying a place in a stone-fence. It is 



