CiRC. No, 61. 



miles to the western extremity of Campsall ; it rests upon the Middle Red Marls 

 exposed on Campsall Common and round Campsall Mount ; these are superimposed 

 on the Lower Magnesian Limestone which occupies the surface beneath Barnsdale. 

 The Lower Limestone is exposed in several quarries, often near the roadside. It 

 varies considerably in its character from a flaggy limestone, with thin beds of 

 coloured marls, to thick irregular beds of yellow limestone, which are soft as a rule, 

 but are occasionally hard and crystalline. A number of fossil mollusca have been 

 found in the quarries further south, but in this neighbourhood fossils are either 

 absent or have not been recorded. 



The Middle Marls are not often exposed except in water courses, but their 

 presence is generally indicated, when not too thickly covered with drift, by the red 

 and wet soil and the springs thrown out at their junction with the limestone above. 

 They consist of red and variously coloured marls, with occasional sandstones and 

 beds of gypsum. The Upper Limestone may be seen in a quarry half-a-mile north 

 of Askern ; it is thinly bedded, hard, flaggy, and of a grey or yellowish colour. It 

 is fossiliferous. containing Axittus duhiiis Sch. and Myallina hausmatinii Goldf. 



Near Askern to the S.W. a large section is exposed of Estuarine beds. The 

 boulders forming these have probably been derived from glacial clays during a 

 submergence of the land. The beds exposed are about sixty feet thick. At the 

 base is a bed of sandy clay, above this a bed of nearly pure sand, and then a con- 

 siderable thickness of more or less rounded gravel, mainly derived from the rocks 

 in the neighbourhood. The mass is current bedded, and sand, pebbles, and larger 

 boulders are intermingled without any arrangement. 



The flat lands of Askern Common are to a large extent marshy and contain 

 numerous peat-beds, full of stumps of trees amongst which have been found antlers 

 of red deer ; remains of lacustrine origin are plentiful. In the fields a little east- 

 ward of the town the ground two or three inches below the surface is composed of 

 the mud of an old lake, which contains innumerable shells of land and freshwater 

 mollusca of the genera Limnsea, Planorbis, Bythinia, Valvata, Zua, Helix, etc. 



Botany. 



It will be of interest to cite the plants mentioned by Dr. Lankester in his 1842 

 list, with the view of confirming or correcting his observations. We therefore 

 arrange his records by routes, marking by * those species mentioned by Lees at 

 p. 374 of ' West Yorkshire.' 



Route I. — At Campsall — Cerastiiun arveiise, GEnanthe pimpinelloides (these 

 two at Askern also), Ribes rnbi-um, Pastinaca sativa, Lotiicera caprifolium, Fedia 

 dentata, and * Carex stricta ; in Campsall Park — * Saxifraga ti {dactylites, Papaver 

 somnifertim, Hesperis viatyonalis, Silene ncdi/lora, Medicago sativa, * Astragahis 

 glycyphyllos, * Vibii7'num lantana, Lactuca virosa, Chlora perfoliata, Salix oleifolia, 

 Miiscari raconostim, and Brachypodiiun pinnatum ; in Campsall Lane — Loliiim 

 arvense ; in Campsall Fish-pond — Salix aquatica ; in Campsall Woods — * RhaJiiniis 

 cathartictis, * Lysimachia valgaHs, and Salix cinerea ; in Campsall Ditches — Lemna 

 gibba and L. polyrrhiza ; Cornfields near Campsall — * Biipleurii7ii rotimdifolimn 

 and *Linaria elatine ; on the roots of beeches in Camps Mount and Campsall 

 Parks — *Monot?'opa hypopitys ; in Camps Mount Park — *Gerajitiim pyrenaiciim 

 (rare), * Bromits erectus and B. racemosus ; in woods near Camps Mount — Ribes 

 alpinian ; and on the road from Askern to Barnsdale— Cala^nintha nepeta. 



Route II. — At Shirley Pool — *Typha angtistifolia and Ramincuhts liiigtia 

 (rare) ; in Sutton field — CaUnnintha officinalis ; in Woods near Sutton Common — 

 Thalictrum minus; between Sutton and Askern — Onobrychis sativa and Silaus 

 pratensis ; Meadows between Sutton and Campsall— *(?/!'Aryj' apifera and *Co/- 

 chicHTti atitiimnale. 



Askern, etc. — Askern Pool — Utricularia miti07- and great profusion of Chara 

 kispida ; Askern — Sangidsorba officinalis (abundant), Eriophorum angustifoliiini, 

 and Orchis pyi-amidalis ; Askern Bogs — * Parnassia pahislris and Anagallis tenella 

 (both rare) ; Meadows near Askern — Rhinanthus major ; Askern Lanes — 

 Hyoscyamtis tiiger ; between Askern and Moss — Galeopsis versicolor and Viola 

 lactea ; Ditches near Norton — Helosciadium repcns ; Norton Common — * Pitigincida 

 vulgaris ; Norton — Avenafatua ; River Went — Sagittaria sagittifolia ; abundant 

 in hedgerows — * Bryonia dioica ; roadsides, abundant — Dipsacus fidlonii7n ; 

 abundant — *Sison a7no77umi, *Viscum albu77i, Ca77ipa7inla glo77ie7'ata, Galeopsis 

 Iada7iu77i, Acinos viilga7-is, P7-im. elaiior, *Hotto7iia pahist7'is, and Ta77iusco7H77iimis. 



FERN^. — Very scarce; Polypodiui7i vulgare, Aspidiu77i filix-77ias, Aspleniu//i 

 tricho77ia7ies, A. ruta-7nu7-a7'ia, &. Scolope7id7'iu77i vtdgare are all Lankester observed. 



