CiRC. No. 62. 



are met with, detached from the parent mass, similarly to the Needles 

 off the Isle of Wight. The cliffs are capped with Boulder Clay, which 

 has weathered into thin edges, running seawards, like Striding and 

 Swivel Edge on Helvellyn. On both sides of the North Landing and 

 all about Great and Little Thornwick, the Chalk Cliffs have been 

 hollowed out into numerous caves and arches, and present coast 

 scenery which can scarcely be rivalled elsewhere. From the latter 

 point the cliffs gradually rise in height till they attain an elevation of 

 upwards of 400 feet at Bempton. Here they are as nearly vertical 

 as possible, and are apt to produce vertigo in the inexperienced tra- 

 veller. Should he fall over he might have the doubtful consolation 

 of being borne up by the wings of seabirds, which swarm in all direc- 

 tions on the narrow ledges of the chalk below. 



Half-a-mile beyond the northern end of Danes' Dyke, which cuts 

 off from the mainland the promontory of Flamborough, probably the 

 Ocellum Promontorium of Ptolemy, occur the magnificent contor- 

 tions, which form the subject of the photographs issued this year by 

 the Yorkshire Geological Society. The beds of chalk are crushed and 

 tilted in all directions, and show evidence of tremendous lateral 

 pressure. Similar phenomena may be observed on a smaller scale at 

 Foxholes, Weaverthorpe, Linton, and a few other places on the Wolds. 



Botany. 



As with many districts of East Yorkshire, the botany of Flam- 

 borough is but imperfectly known. The Rev. W. C. Hey has noticed 

 Ai-me7'ia maritima, Parnassia palustris, Orchis masacla, O. pyraitiid- 

 alts, O. viaculata, O. morio, Chrysanthemiuji segdum, Plantago mari- 

 tima^ Centaurea scabiosa, Petasites fragt-ans (an escape, no doubt), 

 Viola odorafa, Equisetum fnaxif/ttim, Aspleniitm adiantiim-nigrum, etc. ; 

 and Mr. E. A. Peak has noticed in addition Beta maritijua, Silene 

 infiata, Orchis ustulata, Habenaria viridis, Sedum acre, Cochlearia 

 officinalis, Atriplex babingtonii, Helianthemum vulgare, Caucalis nodosa, 

 Spergularia marina, and Ophioglossutn vulgatimi. Mr. Hey also 

 notes that the neighbourhood is very rich in lichens, the Ramalinas 

 on tree trunks being singularly fine, due no doubt to the frequent 

 presence of mist in the air. There is also a nice variety of mosses in 

 the damp lanes near Bempton. These lower groups of plant life 

 have not however been well investigated. 



Entomology. 



CoLEOPTERA. — The Rev. W. C. Hey writes : The list is so long 

 that only a few species characteristic of the district can be enumerated. 

 Philonthiis xantholoma and Loricera, pilicornis often swarm under sea- 

 weed. The local Nebria livida is common in June near Sewerby 

 Cliffs, where another marine species occurs — Broscus cephalotes. 

 Occasionally the beach is almost alive with such species as Coccinella 

 w-punctata, Gastrophysa polygoni, Anchomenus parum punctatiis, and 

 many others, thrown over the cliffs by a land-wind. Bridlington is 

 famous for its Ama?-as and Dyschirii. The scarce Ischnomera nielan- 

 ura occasionally turns up, breeding no doubt in the old timbers com- 

 mon at all seaside localities. All the ordinary Pterostichi and Bem- 

 bidia are present in great force. Ponds are fairly productive in 

 species of Haliplus and Agabus. In fact any form of collecting will 

 prove remunerative in favourable weather. 



