GEOLOGY. 39 



by way of Kepwick Bank (1234 feet), Boltby Bank (1055 feet), 

 Whitstoncliff (1053 feet), and Rolston Scar (950 feet), the series 

 being elevated along all this line of the western flank of the 

 moorlands upon from 800 to 900 feet of Lower Oolite and Lias, 

 its cliffs from this elevation overlooking the Vale of Mowbray 

 with striking effect. From Rolston Scar the embankment, still 

 a steep one, turns due east by way of Oldstead Bank and Wass 

 Bank to Oswaldkirk and Stonegrave, and from this point, as well 

 as along the south of the main portion of the range, its beds 

 slope gradually towards the east and south till they are lost 

 beneath the Vale of Pickering. 



The general section of the series is given in Phillips' York- 

 shire Coast, 1875, p. 41, thus : — 



Kimmeridge Clay above. 



Upper Calcareous Grit 60 feet ■"! Belemnites abbreviatus. 



Coralline Oolite - - 60 feet \ Ani??ionites vertebralis. 



Lower Calcareous Grit 80 feet J Cidaris JioTigemma. 



Oxford Clay - - - 150 feet Belemnites hastahis. 



Kelloway Rock - - 90 feet Ammo7iites athleta. 



Clay 5 feet Glyphea stricklandi. 



Cornbrash below. 



In the coast cliffs the Upper Calcareous Gritstone is not any- 

 where seen. The first appearance of the beds of this series as 

 we proceed from south to north is at the remarkable promontory 

 called Filey Brigg, where its firm upper beds, the Lower Calcareous 

 Gritstone and the lower part of the Coralline Oolite, form a grand 

 natural pier and breakwater. About 25 feet below the surface 

 of the Calcareous Gritstone is a more arenaceous band than the 

 rest, which contains a number of hard siUceo-calcareous balls, 

 and this band with its imbedded natural cannon balls is constant 

 throughout the range of this bed and may be seen both in the 

 Scarborough Castle hill and the cliffs on the western flank of the 

 range of hills near Thirsk. About a mile on the north of Filey 

 the Oxford Clay appears ; and in Gristhorp cliffs we have, 

 beneath 8 feet of Boulder Clay glacial beds, 30 feet of the lower 

 part of the Lower Calcareous Gritstone, 40 feet shewing a gradual 

 transition between this and the Oxford Clay, 120 feet of the 



eb. 1888. 



