SUPPLEMENT TO BOTANICAL REPORT^ — -1878. 



49 



Iris Pseudacorus. 

 Juncus glaucus. 

 Carex panicea and glauca. 

 Phragmites communis. 



Lolium perenne. 

 Phascum cuspidatum. 

 Peziza trechispora. 



5. Peaty. — Peat is formed usually on waterlogged sand, or 

 gritstone, less frequently and less perfectly on clay, and very rarely 

 on limestone, as on Ingleborough. It consists almost entirely of 

 decayed semicarbonized remains of plants, especially those of 

 the small shrubby Ericaceae, rushes and sedges, and the larger 

 mosses, especially species of Sphagnum and Polytrichum, with a 

 very small proportion of mineral matter, unless mixed with sand. 

 The surface where the soil is peaty is generally covered by brown 

 heathery moorlands; the vegetation is marked by the profusion 

 of individual plants belonging to a relatively small number of 

 species, by the absence or rarity of grasses and of plants with 

 yellow flowers, and by the almost total absence of the pasture 

 plants and of the weeds of cultivation. Hence the peat flora 

 stands in strong contrast to that of the limestone, but graduates 

 into that of the sand. If the drainage of a sandy common or of 

 a gritstone or slaty mountain side be obstructed, its conversion 

 into a peat bog is merely a matter of time. The following are 

 characteristic peat-loving plants. 



Drosera, all the species. 

 Rhamnus Frangula. 

 Comarum palustre. 

 Rubus cham^morus. 

 Hydrocotyle vulgaris. 

 Wahlenbergia hederacea. 

 Vaccinium oxycoccos. 

 Andromeda polifolia. 

 Erica Tetralix. 

 Pinguicula, all the species. 

 Empetrum nigrum. 

 Myrica Gale. 

 Narthecium ossifragum. 



Rhynchospora alba. 



Carex limosa, C. curta and 



C. ampullacea. 

 Eriophorum, all the species. 

 Molinia caerulea. 

 Nardus stricta. 

 Nephrodium spinulosum. 

 Sphagnum, all the species. 

 Campylopus, species. 

 Leucobryum glaucum. 

 Cladonia, species. 

 Lecidea decolorans. 



