ALCYONARIA. 9 
From this table it will be seen that all the species of the Ceratoisis group, except 
C. nuda and C. grandiflora from Fiji and C. ramosa from the Cape, are found 
north of the Equator, whereas all the species of the Primnoisis group are found in 
the Antarctic seas or south of the Equator. Ceratoisis ramosa is in many respects 
an intermediate form, and is perhaps more closely related to the Primnoisis than 
the Ceratoisis group; and Ceratoisis spicata is also an intermediate form with closer 
affinities to the Ceratoisis group. 
FAMILY PRIMNOID/. 
This family is represented by two genera, Thouarella and Primnoella, both 
belonging to the sub-family Primnoidine. 
THOUARELLA ANTARCTICA (12). 
Primnoa antarctica, Milne-Edwards, Hist. nat. Corall., i, (1857), p. 140 [Valenciennes Atlas, Voy. 
Venus (1846), Zooph., pl. 2, fig. 2]. 
Thouarella antarctica, Wright and Studer, Chall. Rep. Alcyon. (1889), p. 65 zbique citata. 
(Plate IL, figs. 19, 24.) 
Localities :—1. W.Q., February 28, 1903. No. 6 Hole. 130 fathoms. 
2. Off Coulman Island, January 13, 1902. Dredge. 100 fathoms. 
3. McMurdo Bay, February 8, 1902. 96-120 fathoms. 
4, Station 270, Mareh 4, 1904. (Just within Antarctic Circle.) 
254 fathoms. 
The specimens all belong apparently to one species. Only one specimen with 
the base broken off was obtained in the first locality (February 28, 1903), and this 
I have no hesitation in placing in Valenciennes’ species. ‘The specimens from 
off Coulman Island, locality 2, were treated with picric acid before preservation 
in alcohol, and this has changed the character of the spicules and thereby the 
size of the calices to such an extent that the determination of their species is 
rendered uncertain. The specimen from McMurdo Bay is only a fragment, but 
it is well preserved, and the calices are identical in general characters with those 
of the specimen from locality 1. 
All the specimens have the characteristic bottle-brush 
branching. Several of them have the main axis quite simple, the twigs, as in the 
type specimens, being much more slender than the axis, but the specimen from 
locality 1 shows two dichotomous branchings at the base of the axis where the 
ce 
goupillon””) mode of 
eolony is dead and bare, and one specimen from Coulman Island has the axis 
bifurcated so that two “ goupillons” spring from the same axis. 
The heights of the specimens from Coulman Island are 450 mm. (the specimen 
with bifurcated main axis), 175 mm. (a small specimen, but the only one with base 
of attachment), 200 mm. and 150mm. The height of the specimen from the 
VOL, III. 228 
