12 SYDNEY J. HICKSON. 
The presence of sclerites beneath the scales of the coenenchym, but in this respect it 
also resembles Caligorgia ventilabrum. On the other hand, it is related to Caligorgia 
in being branched. Caligorgia modesta is only slightly branched, as is also Primnoella 
divaricata, but the great majority of the species of Caligorgia are profusely ramified, 
whereas the species of Primnoella are, with the one exception mentioned above, 
unbranched. It resembles Caligorgia also in having isolated ecalices on the thicker 
branches, in the character that the marginal scales do not overlap the opereular scales as 
they do in Primnoella, and also in the presence of a distinct but small spine on the oper- 
cular and marginal scales. In general characters the scales of the eoenenchym resemble 
those of the species of Primnoella, but they do not show the row of teeth on the lower 
border, which has suggested to some authors a resemblance to ctenoid scales of fishes. 
The geographical distribution of the two genera might be regarded as supporting 
the view that our new species is more closely related to Primnoella than Caligorgia. 
Species of Primnoella have been found only in the southern seas at depths ranging from 
comparatively shallow water to 600 fathoms. Primnoella scotize of Messrs. Thomson 
and Ritchie was found as far south as 54° 25’. The latitude of Primnoella divergens is 
approximately 76° 8. Caligorgia, on the other hand, occurs in the Mediterranean and 
North Atlantic, in the Pacific Ocean and Malay Archipelago, and as far south as New 
Zealand, but has not been found off Kerguelen, the Magellan Straits, or in the Antarctic 
Ocean. 
PHNNATU LACHES 
FAMILY UMBELLULIDZ. 
UMBELLULA CARPENTERI. 
(Plate I., figs. 1-7.) 
Umbellula carpenteri, Kolliker, Rep. Chall. Pennatul. (1880), p. 23. 
One specimen of this species was obtained off the Barrier on January 27th, 1902, 
at approximately 174° E. long. and 178°S. jat., at a depth of 300 fathoms. Mud bottom. 
The total length of the specimen is about 700 mm. The stalk is for the greater 
part of its length exceedingly slender, 1 to 1°5 mm. in diameter. It begins to dilate 
to form the bulb about 135 mm. from the peduncular extremity, and at about 40 mm. 
from this extremity the bulb reaches its maximum size, 7 mm. in diameter (fig. 1b). 
The autozooids are nine in number. Of these, eight are arranged in the form of 
a rosette, the ninth (a) being situated on the distal side (7.e., the side turned away from 
the peduncle) of the rosette (fig. 3). This ninth autozooid is probably the primary 
zooid (hauptzooid) of the colony. Each of the eight autozooids forming the rosette is 
30 mm. in length, the diameter of the rosette being a little over 60 mm. as measured 
from the extremity of one autozooid to the extremity of another immediately opposite 
to it. These measurements do not include the tentacles, which are about 15 mm. in 
length. The ninth autozooid is rather shorter than the others. 
