86 GARCINIACE.«. 



ORDER LI— GARCINIACE^ (CLUSIACE^. Lindl. Nat. Syst.p. 74.) 



THE MANGOSTEEN TRIBE. 



Trees or shrubs, rarely climbing, sometimes (Clusia) parasitical, with 

 the exclusion of Xanthochymus, contained, according to Lindl. (/. c.) in 

 22 o-enera. Of these our materials only assign 35 species to S. America, 

 Mexico and the W. Indies, but their number must be considerably greater. 

 Two species have been found in Madagascar ; 1 in Mauritius ; 1 in Guinea ; 

 1 in Tongatabu ; and 60 in the E. Indies. (Moluccas, Java, Ceylon. Both 

 Peninsulas of India. The Khassya Mountains, Silhet.) Of the latter, 30 

 belong to Garcinia ; 20 to Calophyllum ; 6 to Mesua ; 1 to Gynotroches ; 1 

 to Kayea ; 1 to Calysaccion ; and 1 to Apoterium. 



A very good synopsis of the Indian Garciniacese (Guttiferse) will be 

 found in Wight's, ill. 1, p. 124-129. 



" The species of this order, {Guttiferce,) aU abound in a viscid, yellow, 

 acrid and purgative gum-resinous juice resembling Gamboge. This gum- 

 resin is obtained by removing the bark, or by breaking the leaves and 

 youno- shoots." {Lindl.) " The most important and finest qualities are 

 generally considered to come from the kingdom of Siam, and are imported 

 into England from China by way of Singapore. Among these the wholesale 

 druggist distinguishes by name at least two, and generally three varieties — 

 Pine Gamboge, Cake or Lump Gamboge and Coarse Gamboge." {Graham in 

 Companion to Bat. Mag.) The first variety is well known under the name 

 of Gum Gamboge. 

 Garcinia, L. {Wight, ill. I, p. 124.) 



1. Mangostana, L. {Wight. I. c; — DC. pr. I, p. 560 ; — Gartn.fr. 2, 

 t. I0o;—Roxb. fl. ind. 2, p. 618;— 7. Grah. Cat. B. pi. p. 26 ;— 

 Rumph. I, t. 43, female.) b Moluccas. Malay Islands. Fl. large, 

 reddish green yellow. Has not fl. in Bengal, I believe ; indeed, it can 

 scarcely be kept alive. — Gives the well-known fruit, Mnngoosteen, 

 believed to be the most palatable of all known fruits. 



2. cornea, L. {Wight, ill. 1, p. 124 ; — DC. pr. I, p. 561 ; — Roxb. fl. ind. 

 2, p. 229 ; — Wight, icon. I, t. 105; — Rumph. 3, t. 30.) 5 Moluccas. 

 Penang. Moulmein. Fl. middle-sized, yellowish, Feb. and March ; fr. 

 May and June. 



3. Kydiana, Roxb. {H. B. p. ^2;— Wight, ill. 1, p. 125; icon. 1, t. 

 113.— G. Kydia, Roxb. fl. ind. 2, p. 623, not W. and A.) b Andaman 

 Islands. Fl. middle-sized, yellowish.— In H. C. G. fl. Feb. ; fr. 

 July. Fruit very sharp but pleasantly acid, and, like the rest of the 

 genus, the aril is by far the more palatable part. {Roxb.) 



4. pedunculata, Roxb. {/I. ind. 2, p. 625 ;— Wight, ill. 1, p. 125 i—icon. 

 1, /. 114. (female,) and 115, (male.) ) L. b Rungpore.— In H. C. G. 

 Fl. } — Aril copious, firm, and of a very sharp, pleasantly acid taste. 

 {Roxb.) 



