720 PANICACEiB CYPERACE/E. 



toasted, and infused in water for some daj^s, furnishes the honz, or 

 common beer of the country. {Loud.) — Elymus arenarius L. ; E, B. 

 24, t. 1672. % Europe. Prevents by its matted roots the shifting of 

 loose sand thrown up by the tides. — Lolium perenne, L. ; E. B. 5, t. 

 315. Rye-grass % © Europe. The annual sort well adapted for pro- 

 ducing a bulky crop of hay — Centotheca lappacea, Desv. Coromandel. — 

 Windsoria quinquefida, Lindl. '^. Pennsylvania. A very good fodder 

 grass. 



ORDER. CCLVIL— CYPERACEyE, R. Br.— Lindl. Nat. Syst. p. 384. 



THE SEDGE TRIBE. 



" Plants resembling much those of the last tribe in appearance, 

 though essentially distinguished by many important points of structure. 

 Found in marshes, ditches, and running streams, in meadows, and on 

 heaths, in groves and forests, in the blowing sands of the sea-shore, on the 

 tops of mountains, from the Arctic to the Antarctic circle, wherever phaeno- 

 gamous vegetation can exist. Humboldt remarks, that in Lapland Cyper. 

 aceae are equal to Graminese, but that thence, from the temperate zone to 

 the equator, in the northern hemisphere, the proportion of Cyperacese to 

 Graminese very much diminishes. As we approach the line, the character 

 of the order also changes. Carex, Scirpus, Schsenus, and their allies, cease 

 to form the principal mass of the order, their room being usurped by Cy- 

 perus, Kyllinga, Mariscus, and the like genera, comparatively unknown 

 in northern regions, or at least not forming any marked feature in the 

 vegetatiom." {Lindl.) 



The number of Indian Cyperacese, by Nees von Essenbeck, described 

 from Lindley's, Royle's, Wallich's, and Wight's Herbaria, amount to 233 

 species, including nearly all Roxburgh's, viz. 54 of Cyperus ; 5 of Papy- 

 rus ; 5 of Mariscus ; 5 of Kyllinga ; 1 of Curtoisia ; 1 of Remirea ; I 

 of Anosporum ; I of Hemicarpha ; 2 of Lipocarpha ; 1 of Hypolytrum ; 

 3 of Fuirena ; 1 of Dichostylis ; A. of Ahildgaardia ; \ of Chcetocyperus ; 

 1 of Echinolytrum ; 21 of Fimbristylis ; 14 Trichelostylis ; 13 of Isolepis; 1 

 oi Eteogiton ; \ oi Malacochcete ; 1 oi HymenochcBte ; 2 oi Eriophorum ; 7 of 

 Scirpus ; 2 of Eleogenus ; 3 of Eleocharis ; .5 of Limnochloa ; 1 of Rhynchos- 

 pora ; I of Morisia ; I of Haplostylis ; 2 of Cephaloschoenus ; 13 of Scleria ; 

 1 of Cobresia ; 1 of Cylindropus ; 2 of Hypoporum ; 1 oi Diplacrum ; 1 of Tri- 

 lepia ; 50 (52 Boott.) of Carex; and 1 of Uncinia, — {Contributions to Indian 

 Botany, hy R. Wight. Lond. 1834, p. 69-129 inch) Griffith's herbarium 

 comprehends of Cyperacese, 80 species from Serampore ; 73 from AfFghanis- 

 tan ; 70 from Mergui ; 50 from Assam ; 30 from the Khassya Mountains ; 

 22 from the Mishmee Hills ; 20 from Bootan. How many among these 

 may be new forms, we have had no means of ascertaining. 



