38 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XLII. No. 1070 



ducted from the percentage of solids given in that 

 table. 



The solids in the filtrate may be ascertained 

 from the index of refraction, using Wagner's 

 table for beer and wine extract. This table is 

 applicable without correction to the juice of fresh 

 or canned tomatoes. When applying it to the fil- 

 trate from pulp of the usual concentration, the 

 figure 0.17 should be deducted from the percent- 

 age of solids as given. If the product has been 

 salted, the sodium chloride should be determined 

 and a corresponding correction made in refractive 

 index. 



H. S. Geindlet, W. J. Caemichabl and 0. I. 



Newlin : The Influence of one Feedingstuff upon 



the Digestibility of Another. 



Eight digestion experiments, each of ten days ' 

 duration, were made in which each of three ra- 

 tions — wheat flour middlings alone, wheat flour 

 middlings and ground corn combined in the ratio 

 of 1:1, and ground corn alone — were fed to four 

 pigs. The average results as well as the individ- 

 ual data proved that either wheat flour middlings 

 or ground corn in a ration composed of equal parts 

 of each does influence the digestibility of some 

 of the nutrients of the other feed. It is evident 

 from the results that one feedingstufE does influ- 

 ence the digestibility of another. 



G. S. FRAPS: Chemical Investigations at the Texas 



Experiment Station. 



The article gives a synopsis of the chemical in- 

 vestigations at the Texas Experiment Station, in- 

 cluding the work of the state chemist, the feed 

 control, Adams projects and the Hatch projects. 

 The work deals chiefly with the composition and 

 properties of soils, the composition and values of 

 fertilizers, the adulteration of feeds, the studies of 

 the nutritive values of feeding stuff. 



W. J. Cabmichael, C. I. Newlin and H. S. 

 Geindley: Individuality of Pigs as to the Com- 

 pleteness with which they Digest their Feed. 

 The results of forty digestion experiments, each 

 of ten days' duration, in which each of four ra- 

 tions were fed to four pigs proved that in some 

 instances one animal gave coefficients of digesti- 

 bility for protein, dry matter, nitrogen-free ex- 

 tract, and ether extract that were always signifi- 

 cantly higher than the corresponding coefficients 

 for another animal even in ten tests with four dif- 

 ferent rations. In a series of experiments, when 

 different rations were used with the same animals, 

 the coefficients, as a whole, for some animals were 

 constantly higher than those for other animals, 



which showed a consistent relation with reference 

 to individuality. 



W. E. ToTTiNSHAM: The Effect of Litters on the 



Fermentation of Manure. 



Oak shavings, pine shavings and oat straw were 

 incorporated with separate lots of a mixture of 

 fresh horse and cow manures. The changes over 

 a period of twelve weeks were compared with those 

 of a control lot of manure. Dry matter decreased 

 most, by a wide margin, in the straw-littered 

 manure and least in the control. The percentage 

 of the total organic matter soluble in water de- 

 creased most in the shavings-littered manures and 

 least in the straw-Uttered lot. In all the lots the 

 percentage of the total ash soluble in water de- 

 creased considerably. The percentage of the 

 total nitrogen soluble in water decreased more in 

 the shavings-littered manures than in the other 

 lots. The percentage of the total nitrogen in the 

 form of ammonia reached its highest value in the 

 control manure. Ammonia production was most 

 sustained in the straw-littered lot. Loss of ni- 

 trogen was greatest in the shavings-littered ma- 

 nures and least in the straw-littered lot. Yields 

 of corn and barley in field plot tests have shown 

 only slight superiority of stall manure with straw 

 litter as compared with stall manure with shav- 

 ings litter. 



Chas. p. Fos: Bread: Weight of an Akron (Ohio) 

 Loaf. 



W. C. Taber: Tamarind Syrup. 



The tamarind is a leguminous tree found in 

 tropical and semi-tropical countries. The pulp 

 found in the pod is remarkable for its high acid- 

 ity, often 12 or 15 per cent., and for its high eon- 

 tent of sugar, amounting sometimes to 40 per 

 cent. A syrup prepared from this pulp has come 

 into use in the United States as a summer bever- 

 age. After dilution with water, this syrup forms 

 a refreshing acid drink. For the purpose of de- 

 tecting adulterated tamarind syrups, made largely 

 from tartaric or citric acid and sugar, and col- 

 ored with caramel, a series of syrups were pre- 

 pared with known amounts of the pulp. The 

 analytical results obtained are of value in indi- 

 cating the amount of tamarind fruit used in a 

 syrup. 



DA-saD Klein : A Survey of the Frozen Egg Indus- 

 try of Chicago. 



Charles L. Parsons, 



Secretary 

 (To he continued) 



