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SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XLII. No. 1073 



ical Survey of Canada on tMs exploration. It 

 was seen how easily the early explorers could 

 have misunderstood the arrangement of the 

 strata, as they have heen tilted in all direc- 

 tions and at all angles. In one place great 

 masses of the rocks, often acres in extent, have 

 been lifted higher than newer rocks, or 

 dropped below them. Then the stratigraphical 

 characters of the Claggett shales resemble 

 those of the Pierre so closely it is difficult at 

 first view to tell them apart. 



Last July we followed up the valley of Dog 

 Creek, on the road to a sheep ranch on the 

 prairie. A couple of miles above where the 

 creek enters the canyon we came to a strip of 

 Claggett shales lifted up besides the Eagle 

 Sandstone and Judith River Beds, the shale 

 disintegrating into rather steep slopes over 

 which our road lay. We climbed the steep as- 

 cent to the ridge, some 600 feet above the Mis- 

 souri Eiver and followed the divide between 

 the Badlands of the Missouri and of Dog 

 Creek. We camped on Taffy Creek, an eastern 

 branch of Dog Creek. We made a very 

 thorough study of this region, making large 

 collections of invertebrates from all the hori- 

 zons, and secured Myledaphus and sharks' teeth 

 from the Eagle Sandstones, which, with the 

 Claggett shales, I am informed, forms the base 

 of the Belly River series of Canada. 



On the south side of Taffy Creek below a 

 large timbered Hog Back, I found a locality 

 in the gray sandstone of the Judith River 

 Beds that may possibly be the type locality 

 from which we got collections on that memo- 

 rable expedition in 1876, when we found the 

 first horned dinosaurs of the United States, 

 a " blow out " as it is called in the west, where 

 quite an area in a bed of sandstone had been 

 denuded, I found quantities of the teeth of 

 horned, plated, duck-billed and carnivorous 

 dinosaurs and of Myledaphus hipartitus Cope, 

 scales of ganoid fishes, vertebrse of Ohampso- 

 saurus and many fragments of turtle shells 

 (Trionx, etc.), and what delighted me more, 

 a complete footed ischium with most of the 

 illium and pubis of one individual of a hooded 

 trachodont, evidently Lambe's Siephanosaurus 

 marginatus, from the Belly River series of 



Red Deer River, Alberta. It was dif6.cult for 

 me not to believe I was in a Red Deer bone- 

 bed, as the same material was strewn around 

 here in Montana. In the Edmonton, however, 

 the bones have the appearance of having once 

 been flotsam along a sea shore at the limit of 

 high tide. I only found a couple of fragments 

 of turtle shells there, while they are very 

 abundant in this bone-bed on Taffy Creek. 

 Everywhere in this region are two veins of 

 coal, on top of the Judith River Beds and im- 

 mediately below the Bear Paw shales. Above 

 each vein is an oyster bed, often three or four 

 feet thick. In the Bear Paw shales south of 

 camp, with the aid of a sheepherder, Mr. Dow- 

 ling found a fine new Mosasaur, evidently a 

 CUdastes, as the chevrons are anchylosed to 

 the centra of the vertebrse and the end of the 

 tail is expanded into a fin. We secured the 

 mandibles with teeth, a lot of dorsal vertebrae, 

 and nearly 15 feet of the tail. We also col- 

 lected some fine Ammonites and Baculites as 

 well as a couple of specimens of a Plesiosaur, 

 resembling Cimoliosaurus. These fossils can 

 not be distinguished from similar ones we 

 procured from the Port Pierre above the Belly 

 River series in Dead Lodge Canyon on the 

 Red Deer River, Alberta. But for the uplift- 

 ing of the rocks the stratigraphical record 

 would be quite simple. A little observation, 

 however, enabled one to detect the different 

 horizons readily. On the ground it would be 

 impossible for one to doubt the sequence of 

 the rocks as given by Hatcher and Stanton in 

 the order beginning at the bottom. Eagle 

 Sandstone, Claggett shales, Judith River Beds 

 and Bear Paw shales on top of all. 



We followed the same trail first traveled by 

 Professor Cope down the prairie level to near 

 Cow Island, getting water at "Lone Tree" 

 spring as in 1876, and camped near our old 

 camp, on the Missouri River. We found the 

 Bear Paw shales on top of the Judith River 

 Beds, on the south side of the river three 

 miles below Cow Island. The only difference 

 between the formation here and Dog Creek is 

 the absence of the Eagle Sandstones and Clag- 

 gett shales. The sculpture and lithological 

 characters of the bad lands approached more 



