274 



SCIENCE 



[N. S Vol. XLII. No. 1078 



In this table, based on tie 1903 list only, 

 institutions or countries credited with less 

 than four post-graduates are not given. The 

 1910 list, because of the small number of 

 names, can not be conveniently given in tab- 

 ular form. It shows however that institutions 

 represented by more than one post-graduate 

 are as follows : Harvard, 11 ; Government 

 Work, 8; Johns Hopkins, 6; Tale and Penn- 

 sylvania, each 4; Chicago and Cornell, each 

 3 ; and Columbia, 2. Foreign countries are 

 represented as follows: Germany, 13; Great 

 Britain, 5; Austria, 3; France and Canada, 

 each 2. 



These figures from the 1903 list indicate 

 clearly the prominent part which Johns Hop- 

 kins University has played in stimulating the 

 development of the medical sciences in this 

 country and also the predominant influence of 

 Germany upon American medicine. Ger- 

 many's lead holds in both lists, but Hopkins 

 and Harvard change places in the 1910 list, 

 while Tale improves its standing at the ex- 

 pense of Columbia, and Michigan and Clark 

 drop out of the list. Just how important these 

 changes are, it is impossible to say on account 

 of the smaller number of names in the 1910 

 list as compared with that of 1903. 



CONSIDERATIONS OP PROFESSIONAL ADVANCEMENT 



In preceding tables (VH., VIII. and IX.) 

 have been presented academic and professional 

 education and post-graduate work up to or in- 

 cluding the first appointment held. It is now 

 of interest to consider the progress of these 

 various individuals in their later professional 

 life. To this end are presented (a) the num- 

 ber of individuals remaining continuously in 

 one, working in two only, or in three or more 

 institutions; (6) residence and position of 

 individuals in both groups at the time (1903 

 and 1910) of Cattell's classifications; (c) the 

 length of time between receipt of last degree 

 and appointment as full professor; and (d) 

 changes in field of work. 



Table X. presents those institutions in which 

 two or more men have labored continuously 

 from time of first appointment. In prepar- 

 ing this table, which includes both 1903 and 



1910 lists, scholarships and fellowships have 

 not been considered (these are included in 

 Table IX). Likewise, incidental teaching, re- 

 search or administrative positions held simul- 

 taneously in other institutions, usually of the 

 same city, have also been disregarded. 



TABLE X 



Continuous Residence in One Institution — 85 Names 

 from 1903 and 1910 Lists 



Cornell 



Michigan 



Columbia 



Pennsylvania 



Johns Hopkins 



Harvard ■. . 



Government 



Chicago (including Rush Med- 



College) 



Yale 



Wisconsin 



Western Reserve 



Buffalo 



Bellevue 



Missouri 



In addition to the data presented in the 

 table, the following institutions are to be cred- 

 ited with one man each : Anatomy : Minnesota, 

 Princeton, Smith, Washington and Iowa; 

 physiology: Syracuse, Nebraska, Medico- 

 Chirurgical College and the EockefeUer Insti- 

 tute; bacteriology and hygiene: Wesleyan and 

 Massachusetts Institute of Technology; clin- 

 ical medicine: Albany Medical College. 



In Table XI. is shown the number of men 

 who have worked in only two institutions. 



Institutions having one individual in first 

 column only are Toronto, Smith, Edinburgh, 

 Clark, Dartmouth, Virginia, Manitoba, Haver- 

 ford, St. Louis Medical College, Miami, 

 Georgetown, and Massachusetts, New Tork 

 and Cincinnati Colleges of Pharmacy; in sec- 

 ond column only, Bowdoin, Texas, Minnesota, 

 Western Eeserve, Buffalo, Jefferson, Vander- 

 bilt and Simmons. 



" Medieine, surgery, neurology, psychiatry, 

 pediatries. 



12 Including one pharmacologist. 



