OCTOBEB 22, 1915] 



SCIENCE 



565 



Perry Avery Bond: "4-nitro-5-metliyl-2-sulpho- 

 benzoic Aeid and some of its Derivatives." 



MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY 



Frederic Hastings Smyth: "The Potential of 

 the Bismuth Electrode and of Sodium Lead Com- 

 pounds in Liquid Ammonia Solutions." 



Louis Weisberg: "The Equilibrium of the Re- 

 action between Carbon and Ammonia at High 

 Temperatures; a Study of the Free Energy of 

 Dilution of Hydrochloric Aeid." 



UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA 



Victor Clyde Edwards: "1-, 4-, 5-, 6-tetrahydro- 

 xynaphthalene. I. A New Case of Desmotropy. 

 II. A Series of Bromine Derivatives." 



William Lewis Jeffries : ' ' The Function of 

 'Cooking' Fossil Eesins in Varnish Manufacture." 



STANFORD UNIVERSITY 



Elton Marion Hogg : ' ' Studies on the Passive 

 State of Iron. ' ' 



Roland Neal: "Colloidal Solutions of Copper 

 Sulphide. ' ' 



UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI 



Eula Adeline Weeks : " A Symmetrical Generali- 

 zation of the Theory of Functions. ' ' 



NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY 



Siegel Buckborough: "The Structure of Mal- 

 tose and its Oxidation Products with Alkaline 

 Peroxide of Hydrogen. ' ' 



OHIO STATE UNIVEESITY 



John Bernard Parker : "A Review of North 

 American Bombicini. " 



TULANE UNIVERSITY 



Willard Van Orsdel King: "The Mosquitoes of 

 New Orleans and Vicinity." 



TSE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVEESITY OF 



PENNSYLVANIA ON ACADEMIC 



FSEEDOM 



The following resolution was offered by Mr. 



Wharton Barker at the October meeting of 



the board of trustees of the University of 



Pennsylvania, and was unanimously adopted: 



Because a university has three duties to perform : 

 1. To aid students to acquire knowledge of in- 

 formation heretofore gathered. 



2. To make investigation in every department 

 of human knowledge without restriction. 



3. To cause publication of the result of this in- 

 vestigation both within and without the university : 



Besolved, That the trustees of the University of 

 Pennsylvania adopt and declare as an adequate 

 expression of their views and purpose the state- 

 ment of Thomas H. Huxley upon his installation 

 as rector of Aberdeen University in 1874: 



"Universities should be places in which thought 

 is free from all fetters, and in which all sources of 

 knowledge and all aids of learning should be acces- 

 sible to aU comers, without distinction of creed or 

 country, riches or poverty." 



The following resolution was offered by Mr. 

 Effingham B. Morris, and was unanimously 

 adopted : 



In order to avoid misunderstanding of the posi- 

 tion of the university toward freedom of academic 

 opinions, speech, teachings and public discussions, 

 by members of its faculties, this minute is entered 

 upon the records of the board of trustees. 



Under the original charter and statutes of the 

 university, the trustees are charged with the duty 

 and responsibility of selecting and appointing fit 

 persons as professors to instruct students. Be- 

 cause of the decision of the board at its last meet- 

 ing not to renew Dr. Scott Nearing's contract of 

 employment as an assistant professor in the Whar- 

 ton School — which expired by its terms at the end 

 of the academic year — an assumption has been 

 made and circulated that this action indicated a 

 policy to restrict or to prevent free academic dis- 

 cussion. This belief is unwarranted. Indeed 

 nothing could be further from the truth. 



The trustees have not only always recognized 

 fully the right of members of the teaching staff to 

 hold and to give proper expression to individual 

 views upon all questions, but there is not now and 

 never will be the slightest wish on the part of the 

 board or of a single one of the trustees to restrict 

 the broadest latitude of opinions, research and dis- 

 cussion. When individual opinions of members of 

 the teaching staff are expressed in a proper man- 

 ner, upon proper occasions, and with proper respect 

 for the dignity of their relationship to the univer- 

 sity, and their consequent responsibility to the in- 

 stitution, such opinions and utterances are wel- 

 comed as indicative of progressive growth — no 

 matter how divergent they may be from current 

 or general beliefs. 



It is not only not possible, but most undesira- 

 ble, for any board of trustees to lay down definite 



