652 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. VoL.'XLII. No. 1088 



of treatment which characterized the former 

 has heen continued. A slight change in the 

 title, the former having been " A Text-book for 

 Secondary Schools, Normal Schools and Col- 

 leges," may possibly reflect somewhat of the 

 well-meant criticism of the reviewer, possibly 

 some slight change of attitude on the part of 

 the author, touching the attempt to comprise 

 so large a scope of utility for a single book. 

 The principal feature of the new edition call- 

 ing for mention is that comprising the added 

 chapters already referred to. These the author 

 designates a " third part, a group of synthetic 

 chapters (XXVI.-XXIX.) to induce the stu- 

 dent to gather up the details of his course by 

 a new reorganization of the materials." The 

 captions of the chapters will indicate their 

 scope. Chapter XXVI., " The Doctrines of 

 Evolution and Eelated Ideas," among which 

 are heredity and Mendelism. Chapter XXVII., 

 a very interesting one, is devoted to " Economic 

 Zoology," including such features as " Animals 

 as a Food Supply, Animals as a Source of 

 Clothing for Man, Animals in Science and 

 Medicine," etc. Chapter XXVIII., " Develop- 

 ment of Zoology," is a brief summary of the 

 history of zoology, including the " Greek and 

 Roman Periods, the Middle Ages, Modern Pe- 

 riod and Its Specializations," and ending with 

 sections of the " Philosophy of Biology, and 

 Applications of Biology." 



It is a matter of regret that some of the 

 errors pointed out in the previous edition have 

 been allowed to go uncorrected. For example, 

 the obvious error in the description of expanded 

 and contracted conditions of Vorticella in Fig. 

 70 (68 of the first edition). Perhaps the error 

 was so obvious as to be regarded beyond the 

 necessity of correction, assuming that every 

 one concerned would make it for himself! 

 Again, the pleasing bit of biological fiction in- 

 volved in the symbiotic relations of certain 

 hydroids and the hermit crab, that " the polyps 

 cover up the shell occupied by the crab, thus 

 concealing it from its enemies and its prey," 

 the unwarranted assumption of which was 

 shown in the former review, remains in spite 

 of reviewer, or well-known facts to the con- 

 trary. In this connection may also be pointed 



out that the illustrations of hydroid ontogeny 

 shown in Fig. 84 are likewise of extremely 

 doubtful validity, as are also other features in 

 connection with the treatment of the coelenter- 

 ates. 



In conclusion the reviewer would incline to 

 question the assumption of the author (Pref- 

 ace, p. v) " that the right text^book of zoology, 

 as of every other subject, is primarily a matter 

 of psychology." It would be futile to discuss 

 this proposition in this connection, but it 

 seems fairly evident that there may be intrinsic 

 and inherent principles which determine, quite 

 as much as any psychological quirks, the 

 method and content of a zoological text-book. 



C. W. H. 



PEOCEEJDINGS OF TBE NATIONAL 

 ACADEMY OF SCIENCES 



The tenth number of Volume 1 of the 

 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sci- 

 ences contains the following articles: 



1. The Octopus Motive in Ancient Ohiriquian 

 Art: George Grant MaoCuedy, Peabody 

 Museum, Tale University. 



After discussing general features of animal 

 motives in Chiriquian art, the octopus motive, 

 which appears hitherto not to have been iden- 

 tified, is traced through a number of varying 

 forms in vases, of which six are figured in 

 cuts. 



2. The Life Cycle of Trypanosoma hrucei in 

 the Rat and in Rat Plasma; Rh. Erdmann, 

 Osborn Zoological Laboratory, Tale Uni- 

 versity. 



The method employed affords the means of 

 following, outside the body of the host, the 

 sequence of changes in the life of trypano- 

 somes, and its use has shown dimorphic forms, 

 latent or round, and crithidia-like forms in 

 Trypanosoma hrucei outside of the host. 



3. The Effect of Pressure on Polymorphic 

 Transitions: P. W. Bridgman, Jefferson 

 Physical Laboratory, Harvard University. 

 This note presents, in a compact form by 



means of diagrams, many of the essential facts 

 concerning the effect of high hydrostatic pres- 



