December 10, 1915] 



SCIENCE 



823 



ber of shorter, unrelated subjects of investi- 

 gation. Wherever possible, cooperation with 

 one's students or colleagues in research will 

 usually yield better results, from the stand- 

 point of economy in time and cost, than will 

 individual efforts. Such matters may seem 

 self-evident to some and trivial to others; but 

 I feel sure that in many cases more attention 

 to them would be well worth while. In short, 

 system is as necessary for efficiency in research 

 as in any other kind of work. 



In conclusion, the main points may be em- 

 phasized as follows : Obstacles to achievement 

 in research are due partly to inherent or hered- 

 itary limits of capacity, and partly to environ- 

 mental factors. The latter, which are to some 

 extent within our control, include factors 

 determining the mental attitude, which is of 

 primary importance. The remaining factors 

 include the material facilities, increased sup- 

 port for which depends chiefly upon better ap- 

 preciation by the public of the value of scien- 

 tific work. Lack of time is often another im- 

 portant obstacle, which in part may be over- 

 come by a more economic arrangement of 

 routine duties. Finally an obstacle in many 

 cases is the lack in the research work itself of 

 systematic planning and organization, which 

 is necessary for the highest efficiency. 



0. M. Jackson 



Institute op Anatomy, 

 University op Minnesota, 

 Minneapolis 



DB. CHARLES FREDERICK SOLDER 

 The love of nature is so deeply planted in 

 our hearts that even those who have passed 

 most of their lives in the artificial atmosphere 

 of cities respond quickly and warmly to the 

 appeal made by scenic beauty and by the va- 

 riety and charm of plant and animal life. 

 Hence he who can successfully voice these 

 sentiments and satisfy the desire for a better 

 knowledge of the life, habits and instincts of 

 the denizens of wood, vale and stream, is sure 

 of wide recognition and appreciation. 



It can safely be said that no one in our 

 land has more perfectly realized these condi- 

 tions than the late Dr. Charles Frederick 



Holder, who passed away on October 10, 1915, 

 in his home at Pasadena, California. At once 

 an enthusiastic sportsman and an enemy to 

 all indiscriminate destruction of animal life, 

 he possessed a rare blend of qualities some- 

 times regarded as incompatible one with the 

 other. Something of his repugnance to the 

 reckless slaughtering of animals character- 

 istic of too many hunters, may possibly have 

 been due to the fact that he came of stanch 

 Quaker stock, one of his direct ancestors, 

 Christopher Holder, having founded, in 1656, 

 the first society of Friends in America.^ 



Charles Frederick Holder was born in 

 Lynn, Massachusetts, August 5, 1851, and re- 

 ceived his early education in the Friends' 

 school at Providence, Rhode Island, and in 

 Allen's preparatory school at West Ifewton, 

 Massachusetts, as well as from private tutors; 

 later on he developed an inclination toward 

 naval life, and in 1869 entered the United 

 States Naval Academy at Annapolis, but did 

 not pursue the course there up to graduation. 

 From his boyhood he showed the taste for 

 hunting and fishing, and at the same time for 

 the study of the habits of birds and fish, that 

 was destined to grow with his growth and be- 

 come the aim and pleasure of his life. 



In 1871, though but twenty years old, he 

 became assistant curator of the American Mu- 

 seum of Natural History in New York City, 

 and held this position until 1875. The pres- 

 ent writer cooperated with Dr. Holder for 

 nine weeks in packing up the 1,000,000 speci- 

 mens of the James Hall paleontological col- 

 lection in Albany, prior to their transfer to 

 the American Museum of Natural History in 

 New York City. His marriage to Miss Sarah 

 Elizabeth Ufford, of Brooklyn, took place No- 

 vember 8, 1879. 



That one so devoted to nature study and to 

 sport should be attracted toward California, 

 especially toward southern California, can be 

 easily understood; however, ill health was the 

 determining cause of Dr. Holder's removal in 

 1885 to that state, where he established his 



1 This is related in Dr. Holder 's interesting 

 book, ' ' The Holders of Holderness, or Pioneer 

 Quakers. ' ' 



