314 MINNESOTA BOTANICAL STUDIES. 



* Hennepin, May 1902, Butters 201 ; * Hennepin, May 1903, 

 Polley; * Ramsey, May 1903, Freeman ; Hennepin, May 1903, 

 Lyon and Rosendahl. 



Morgan states (Morchellae — The Morels, Journ. Myc, Vol. 

 VIII., June, 1902) that no paraphyses are present in M. hybrida 

 or in M. esculenta. M. hybrida as generally accepted however 

 has paraphyses. They are large and are therefore easily mis- 

 taken for young asci, but are septate and sometimes branched. 

 Collections marked with a * contain small forms, one inch high 

 or less. 



The specimens agree with Thuemen Mycoth. Univ. No. 412, 

 the spores of which measure 20-24 mic. x 14 mic. ; Ellis and 

 Everhart N. A. Fungi No. 2628, the spores of which measure 

 20-22 mic. x 12-14 mic. 



Krombholz Schwamme III., fl. 15, figs. 14.-21. 1834. 

 8. Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers. Syn. Fungi. 618. 1801. 



{Plate I., figs. 3-9 ; Plate IV., figs. 1-6.) 



Solitary or gregarious; stipe cylindrical, hollow, sometimes 

 bulbous, granulose or glabrous, white, entire, .5 to 2 in. high by 

 .5 to 1 in. thick ; pileus is very varied from conical to obtuse, 

 irregularly or longitudinally pitted, olive brown to grayish 

 brown ; ribs of the pileus are thick and obtuse at the edge; the 

 surface being even, pileus is about 2.5 in. long; spores are 

 elliptical, obtuse, smooth, one large oil drop in center, sometimes 

 yellowish, 14-22 mic. long by 8-14 mic. wide; paraphyses 

 filiform, clavate, septate, branched, in some specimens very 

 abundant. 



On the ground in shady woods. Very common in oak woods. 



* Hennepin, May 1891, Sheldon 20; Wright, May 1900, 

 Freeman 675; Hennepin, May 1901, Polley; Hennepin, May 

 1903, Rosendahl; Wright, May 1903, Polley; *Hennepin, 

 May 1903, Hone 218; * Hennepin, May 1903, Polley. 



Like M. hybrida, M. esculenta is generally accepted as hav- 

 ing paraphyses. The above cited material certainly possesses 

 structures which resemble paraphyses in all essentials. They 

 are septate, often branched, and are smaller than the asci, 

 growing among the latter in the hymenium. The collections 

 marked with a * have rather conical caps and the ribs are longi- 

 tudinal and regular. In all other characteristics they are true 

 esculenta forms and I have no doubt that these two collections 

 contain the forms which have been described as 31. conica. As 



