Hone: pezizales, piiacidiales and tuberales of minn. 67 



Key to the Orders. 



I. Cup inverted, capitate, clavate, or mitratc, stalked, fleshy, waxy, or 



gelatinous. Helvellales. 



II. Cup-like, becoming concave or convex, sessile or stalked. 



1. Spore surface open early, without firm covering, fleshy or waxy. 



Pezizales. 



2. Spore surface inclosed in a firm covering, open at maturity, black. 



Phacidiales. 



III. Hypogaeous fungi, subglobose, indehiscent. Tuberales. 



Key to the Families. 



I. Helvellales. (Saddle Fungi.) 



I. Capitate; smooth, or folded, or ribbed; fleshy or waxy. 



Helvellaceae. 

 2. Clavate or mitrate; fleshy or rarely gelatinous. Geoglossaceae. 



II. Pezizales. (Cup Fungi.) 



1. Cups fleshy or waxy, rarely gelatinous; ends of paraphyses free, 

 (i) Cups generally large and fleshy; exciple scarcely difterentiated. 



^ Pezizaceae. 



(2) Cups generally small and waxy; exciple distinct. 



a. Cup stalked or substalked; growing upon wood or herbaceous 



stems. Helotiaceae. 



b. Cups sessile; growing upon herbaceous plants. 



MoUisiaceae. 



2. Cup leathery or cartilaginous; ends of paraphyses united to form 



a covering; mainly black. 



A. Cup free from first, never enclosed in a membrane. 



Patellariaceae. 



B. Cup first submerged, later breaking thru the epidermis, often 



first inclosed in a membrane. Cenangiaceae. 



Key to the Genera. 



Hevellaceae. 



A. Cap bell-shaped or lobed, attached to the stem only at central point, 

 (i) Cap lobed, wrapped around the stem. Helvella. 



(2) Cap bell-shaped, free. Verpa. 



B. Cap entirely hollow, or only in upper part; cavity of cap in con- 



tinuation of that of the stem; cap pitted or ribbed. 



Morchella. 

 Geoglossaceae. 



A. Cap sessile on the stem or attached to it. 



(i) Cap spoon-shaped, decurrent on both sides of the stem; spores 



linear. Spathularia. 



(2) Cap clavate, spores two-many-celled. 



(a) Spores brown. Geoglossum. 



(b) Spores colorless. Leptoglossum. 



