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MINNESOTA BOTANICAL STUDIES 



Agrostis alba 

 Alopecurns aristulatus 

 Asclepias incarnata^ 

 Calamagrostis neglecta 

 Carex festucacea 

 Car ex gravida 

 Carex hystricina 

 Carex lanuginosa 

 Carex marcida 

 Carex nebraskensis 

 Carex scoparia 

 Carex s tip at a 

 Carex strict a 

 Catabrosa aquatica 

 Cicuta occidcntalis 

 Crepis runcinata 

 Cyperus inflexus 

 Epilobinm lineare 

 Eriophorum gracile 

 Galium triUdum 

 Galium triHonim 

 Gentiana andreivsii 

 Gentiana puberula 

 Gerardia besseyana 

 Gratiola virginiana 

 Habenaria leucophaea 

 Helianthus tuberosus 



SECONDARY SPECIES 



Hordeum jubatum 

 Hypericum majus 

 Hyperic 1 1 m virgin icu m 

 Hypoxis hirsuta 

 Ibidium cernuum 

 Ibidium strictum 

 Leptorchis loeselii 

 Lobelia s pic at a 

 Lobelia syphilitica 

 Lycopus lucidus 

 Mentha canadensis 

 Menyanthes trifoliata 

 Naumbergia thyrsiflora 

 Phalaris arundinacea^ 

 Polygonum emersum 

 Polygonum hartzvrightii^ 

 Potentilla paradoxa 

 Prunella vulgaris 

 Ranunculus sccleratus 

 Rumex britannica^ 

 Sagittaria arifolia^ 

 Scirpus pallidus 

 Scutellaria galericulata 

 Stachys palustris 

 Teucrium occidentale 

 Typha latifolia^ 



1 Relicts. 



The soil occupied by this association is usually very wet, and 

 in the early spring or summer surface water to a varying depth may 

 be encountered in many portions of the association. This condition 

 mostly disappears with the coming of summer but even then the 

 dark sandy soil with considerable organic residue may yield water 

 by the ordinary pressure of the hand or by tamping with the feet. 

 Since in many places the association occupies a substratum that was 

 at one time lake bed, the surface soil is liable to be exceedingly 

 mucky and to reveal quantities of the remains of various aquatic 

 plants and animals. The water-content control is seen best when- 

 ever the belted aspect of the association appears along gently sloping 



