August 11, 1911] 



SCIENCE 



191 



for the storage of foods in which the foodstuffs 

 were not solidly frozen, and hence in which bac- 

 terial activities were not absolutely stopped, al- 

 though they may have been retarded, and those 

 temperatures in which the foodstuffs were frozen 

 so solidly that bacterial growth and reproduction 

 became impossible. It is believed that the intro- 

 duction of the expression "the cryabiotie point" 

 will serve to distinguish between the two cases in 

 discussions on the subject of cold storage. 

 The Composition of Canned Tomatoes: E. H. S. 



Bailey and H. L. Jackson. 



The authors have made some examinations of 

 quite a large number of brands of canned toma- 

 toes on the market, especially with reference to 

 the amount of solids in proportion to the juice. 

 The solids in the juice are also determined as well 

 as the ash. Some methods of standardizing 

 canned tomatoes, by a determination of the solids 

 and the ash are also discussed. 

 Tlie Chemical Changes which taJce place during 



the Spoilage of Tomatoes, with Methods for 



Detecting this Spoilage in Tomato Products: 



E. F. Bacon and P. B. Dunbae. 



Two New Pieces of Apparatus; (o) Apparatus 

 for the Continuous Extraction of Liquids with 

 Immiscible Solvents Lighter than Water, (b) 

 A Compact Apparatus for Quantitative Deter- 

 minations iased on the Measurement of an 

 Evolved Gas: E. F. Bacon and P. B. Dunbar. 



The Action of Non-acid Foods on Tin Containers 

 with Special Reference to Canned Shrimp: E. 



F. Bacon and W. D. Bigelow. 

 Determination of Tin in Food Products: Edward 



GUDEMAN. 



A Chemical Study of Certain "Sandhill" Soils 



of South Carolina: T. E. Keitt. 

 The Volatile Acids of Corn Silage: Arthur W. 



Dox and R. E. Neidig. 



The Arsenic Content of Shellac and the Arsenical 

 Contamination of Food Products from that 

 Source: H. B. Smith. 



The Solubility of CaO in Contact with Clay: B. E. 



CUERY. 



Clay, known as fuller's earth; was kept in con- 

 tact with water until equilibrium was established. 

 From the solubility of the CaO it has been deter- 

 mined that the lime and clay form two series of 

 solid solutions, the first extending from per cent, 

 to about 3 per cent. CaO and the second extending 

 over a range from about 25 per cent, to 45 per 

 cent. CaO. 



A Short Method for the Determination of Soluble 



Arsenic in Commercial Lead Arsenates: T. O. 



Smith and B. E. Curey. 



A 2-gram sample of lead arsenate is stirred 

 continuously for 18 hours with 500 e.c. of water. 

 When a correction is made for the solubility of 

 lead arsenate the results are comparable to those 

 obtained by the A. O. A. C. method in 10 days. 

 When 500 c.c. of water is used the addition of 

 46 per cent, to the results give the same value 

 obtained by the A. O. A. C. method. 



By making a small correction for the solubility 

 of lead arsenate the amount of soluble arsenic not 

 combined with lead is obtained. The results 

 obtained by the A. O. A. C. method include a 

 large amount of arsenic combined with lead. 

 Methods of Estimating Fats in Tissue: W. Koch. 



For purposes of biological interpretation of 

 analytical results it is necessary to distinguish 

 between neutral fats and combined fats or lipoids. 

 None of the present methods of estimating fat, 

 including the oiScial method, permit of this. The 

 method of indirect estimation suggested by Koch 

 and Carr obviates this ditficulty. Further data on 

 the comparison of this method with others were 

 given and will be published in detail later. 



It may be stated, however, that the Kumagawa 

 and Suto method gives results which are below the 

 actual quantity of total fatty acid on account of 

 incomplete saponification of combined fats, espe- 

 cially in such tissues as liver and brain. The 

 Koch and Carr method gives results which on 

 account of certain sources of error, that it has not 

 yet been possible to eliminate, gives results which 

 are probably somewhat too high. 



The Distribution of Organic Constituents in Soils: 

 Oswald Schreineb and Elbeet C. Latheop, 



Dihydroxysteario Acid in Good and Poor Soils: 

 Oswald Scheeiner and Elbeet C. Lathrop. 



Studies on Organic Soil Nitrogen: Elbert C. 

 Lathrop and Bailey E. Beown. 



The Effect of Phosphorus Manuring on the 

 Amount of Inorganic Phosphorus in Flat Tur- 

 nip Boots: Burt L. Haetwell and Feedeeick 

 S. Hammet. 



As a result of chemical and microscopical 

 examinations of flat turnip roots the percentage 

 of inorganic phosphorus seems to be influenced 

 more than that of the total phosphorus, by the 

 amount of available phosphorus in soils; and that 

 its determination therefore in the turnips is likely 

 to be more useful for securing indications of the 



