768 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXIV. No. 883 



casionally appearing in small acicular crystals 

 with or without biotite, resembling those 

 found in Norway and Greenland; lavenite, 

 one of the most constant minerals of these 

 rocks, and the most notable colored mineral 

 of the rocks at Eofare, the small crystals 

 being remarkably well defined, with intense 

 polychroism; the author believes that these 

 nephelinic syenites of the Isles of Los are 

 those in which lavenite occurs most abun- 

 dantly; rinkite; astrophyllite, constant in the 

 syenite of Eouma Island, but only exception- 

 ally found in that of Kassa Island; biotite, 

 not often met with, sometimes perpendicu- 

 larly impaled on the surface of crystals of 

 magnetite; eudialyte, occasionally showing 

 metamorphosis into catapleiite; villiamite, 

 named by M. Lacrois after his faithful col- 

 laborator, M. Villiaume, a mineral character- 

 ized by an intense polychroism ; fluorite, color- 

 less, pink or light violet; pyrochlore, particu- 

 larly abundant in the normal syenites of 

 Eouma Island; galena; aualcite, which the 

 author regards as formed in a pneumolithic 

 phase and not a product of decomposition; 

 hydrophyllite ; mesotype; losite and a number 

 of other minerals. Many of these are present 

 in the second group of syenites in addition to 

 zircon, titanite, titanomagnetite, -woehlerite, 

 etc. 



Chemical analyses of a number of specimens 

 of the syenite are given and the examples 

 shown in the plates are very fully elucidated. 

 We have only been able to note a few of the 

 more important data contained in this stately, 

 valuable contribution to petrography by 

 France's greatest petrographic geologist. 



George F. Kunz 



Ea hana hapa: The Making of Bark Cloth in 

 Hawaii. By W. T. Brigham, A.M., Sc.D. 

 Memoirs of the Bishop Memorial Museum 

 of Polynesian Ethnology, III. Honolulu, 

 Museum Press. 1911. 4to. Pp. 273; 48 

 plates and atlas of 26 colored plates. 

 It is well known to ethnologists that among 

 the few living men having personal and scien- 

 tific knowledge of the ethnology of the Ha- 

 waiian Islands, the director of the Bishop 



Museum stands unrivalled. During the pe- 

 riod in which that museum has engaged in 

 publication a succession of memoirs has pro- 

 ceeded from his pen, in which a vast amount 

 of otherwise unwritten Polynesian lore is for- 

 tunately preserved. The present volume is 

 devoted to the history and description of the 

 bark cloth, tapa or kapa, of the Polynesians, 

 a manufacture ■which reached its greatest per- 

 fection in Hawaii, and which, on the coming 

 of the white man, with woven cloth and fig- 

 ured calico, deteriorated and soon practically 

 ceased. Museum specimens alone preserve for 

 us the actual material, on which Hawaiian art 

 and fancy were so lavishly expended. 



Dr. Brigham gives us first the history of its 

 manufacture as described by the earliest voy- 

 agers, from Hawaii to Madagascar, the Philip- 

 pines, and even Africa; then an account of 

 the dyes and tools used; botanical descriptions 

 and figures of most of the plants and trees 

 from which the raw material was obtained; 

 the uses of the finished product; the designs 

 used in its ornamentation; a vocabulary of 

 kapa terms, lists of the material studied in the 

 various museums and in his own private col- 

 lection, with numerous illustrations in the 

 text; and finally an atlas of beautifully exe- 

 cuted plates in color, reproducing the exact 

 designs, with many black and white plates 

 illustrating simpler variations, both from Ha- 

 waii and other regions where the art was 

 practised. 



Dr. Brigham and the trustees of the mu- 

 seum are to be congratulated on the appear- 

 ance of this splendid monograph which pre- 

 serves for posterity a wealth of information, 

 much of which might, and indeed probably 

 would, otherwise have been lost to the world in 

 the course of a few years. 



Wm. H. Dall 



ANNUAL SEPOBT OF THE SMITHSONIAN 

 INSTITUTION 



The Smithsonian Report for the year 1910 

 has just been published by the institution. 

 Besides the report of the regents and the 

 secretary, the volume contains, as usual, a 

 " General Appendix " consisting this year of 



