1022 APARGIA. [ CLASS XIX, ORDER I. 
bracteas; outer scales of the involucre spreading; fruit constricted 
below the pappus. 
English Botany, t. 196.—English Flora, vol. iii. p. 339.—Hooker, 
British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 289.—Lindley, Synopsis, p. 158. 
Root tapering, and with branched fibres, the whole plant is of a 
dark green, rough, with rigid pubescence. Stem round, and somewhat 
furrowed, solid, more or less branched, leafy, especially below, from 
two to three feet high. Leaves oblong lanceolate, the lower ones 
from three to six inches long, tapering at the base into a long foot- 
stalk, the upper leaves abrupt at the base, sessile, and clasping the 
stem. Inflorescence numerous heads, disposed in a sub-corymbose 
manner. Jnvolucre scales lanceolate, downy, the outer ones small, 
loosely spreading, and scattered on the pedicles, the inner ones 
larger, erect, and often with rigid forked bristles at the back. 
Flowers about an inch wide, bright yellow. /lorets strap-shaped, 
obtuse at the end, and finely toothed. J’ruit oblong, brown, con- 
stricted beneath the pappus into an obtuse point, longitudinally 
striated, and transversely wrinkled with fine waved lines. Pappus 
united into a ring at the base, formed of simple hair-like and feathery 
rays. 
Habitat.— Banks, road sides, and stony places ; frequent. 
Biennial ; flowering in July and August. 
GENUS V. APAR'GIA.—Scures. Hawkbit. 
Nat. Ord. Composi’tm. Juss. 
Gen. Cuar. Jnvolucrum imbricated, of numerous hairy black 
scales. Receptacle naked. Fruit pointed, smooth. Pappus 
feathery.—Name of uncertain origin. 
1. A. his'pida, Willd. (Fig. 1197.) Rough Hawkbit. Root abrupt ; 
scape single flowered, naked, or with one or two scales; leaves ob- 
long, lanceolate, tapering into a footstalk, toothed or pinnatifid, 
smooth or rough, with forked hairs ; rays of the pappus dilated at the 
base ; fruit striated, smooth. 
English Flora, vol. iii. p. 351—Hooker, British Flora, ed. 4. vol. 
i. p. 289.—Lindley, Synopsis, p. 16.—Hedypnois hispidum, Huds — 
English Botany, t. 554 —Leoontodon, Linn.—L. hastilis, ~. vulgaris. 
Koch.—Hieracium incanum, Poll. . 
Root abrupt, and with numerous long branched fibres. Leaves all 
radical, numerous, oblong lanceolate, tapering into a footstalk, dark 
green above, paler beneath, and rough, with rigid branched bristly 
hairs, rarely simple, more or less toothed, unequally and often divided 
into oblong lobes in a pinnatifid manner. Scape erect, solitary, or 
several, round, striated, hairy, hollow, terminated in a solitary head, 
