1074 INULA. [CLASS XIX. ORDER II, 
Habitat.—Moist meadows and pastures; rare. In various parts of 
England, Scotland, and Ireland. 
Perennial ; flowering in July and August. 
The aroma of the roots is greatly increased by drying, in which 
state it much resembles that of Orris root. It was formerly much 
used as a medicine in dyspeptic and pulmonic affections, but is now 
entirely abandoned. 
2. I. Cony'za, De Cand. (Fig. 1273.) Ploughman’s Spikenard. 
Stem herbaceous, branched in a corymbose manner above; leaves 
ovate lanceolate, toothed, downy, especially beneath, the upper ones 
sessile, the lower with petioles; involucre scales recurved at the 
point, the outer ones leafy. 
Hooker, British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 306.—-Conyza squarrosa, 
Linn.—English Botany, t. 1195.—English Flora, p. 421.—Lindley, 
Synopsis, p. 142. 
Root tapering, fleshy, with many branched fibres. Stem erect, 
round, or angular, striated, purple, leafy, about three feet high, simple 
below, branched above in a corymbose manner, clothed with close 
woolly down Leaves lanceolate, or elliptic lanceolate, veiny, some- 
what rugose, the margin unequally serrated, dark green and downy 
above, pale and woolly beneath, the upper leaves nearly sessile, the 
lower on broadish footstalks. Flowers numerous, oblong, obtuse, 
yellowish pink. Inflorescence a large terminal sub-corymbose panicle, 
the floral leaves linear, entire. Jnvolucre conical, imbricated, the 
scales lanceolate, the outer ones leafy, the inner sub-membranous, all 
recurved at the points. Florets numerous, the outer ones small, 
ligulate, those of the disk tubular, with a five-cleft limb. Fruit 
obovate, small. Pappus erect, rough, white bristles. 
Habitat.—Woods in shady places, especially in a limestone or 
clayey soil. ‘“ Rare, if really wild, in Scotland.” 
Biennial; flowering in July and August. 
The leaves, when rubbed between the fingers, give out an aromatic 
smell. It is not, however, applied to any particular use. 
3. I. crithmoi'des, Linn. (Fig. 1274.) Golden Samphire. Leaves 
linear, fleshy, those of the stem mostly three toothed at the extremity 
of the branches, entire. 
English Botany, t. 68.—English Flora, vol. iii. p. 443.—Hooker, 
British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 306.—Limbarda tricuspis, Cassini.— 
Lindley, Synopsis, p. 143. 
Root somewhat creeping, the whole plant smooth. Stem erect, 
round, somewhat woody, about a foot high. eaves very numerous, 
alternate, often in crowded tufts, linear, fleshy, those of the stem often 
three-cleft towards the end. lowers bright yellow, about an inch 
across, mostly several, terminating the stem, each on a branch, 
crowded with leafy bractea. Involucre smooth, of numerous linear 
