1084 SENECIO. [CLASS XIX. ORDER II. 
toothed. Fruit oblong, rough, with short pubescence. Pappus 
white, rough, silky. 
Habitat—Hedges, road sides, and waste places in England; 
frequent in a sandy soil. Woodhall, near Airdrie, and Auton’s-hill, 
near Coldstream, and Swinton, Scotland. 
Perennial; flowering in July and August. 
6. S. Jacobe'a, Linn. (Fig. 1289.) Common Ragwort. Leaves 
smooth, the radical ones petiolated, obovate, lobed towards the base, 
the upper sessile, auriculated, embracing the stem, bi-pinnatifid, with 
narrow toothed lobes, branched above, corymbose; ray oblong, 
toothed, spreadiag ; fruit of the disk rough, hairy, of the ray smooth. 
English Botany, t. 1180.—English Flora, vol. iii. p. 436—Hooker, 
British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 305.—Lindley, Synopsis, p. 146. 
Root fleshy, with long branched fibres. Stem erect, from two to 
three feet high, more or less branched and leafy, smooth, or clothed 
with close downy pubescence, round, furrowed. Leaves quite smooth, 
or downy, alternate, the lower ones with long footsialks, obovate, 
lobed towards the base in a somewhat lyrate manner, the upper ones 
deeply cut into numerous narrow entire toothed or bifid segments, 
spreading, auriculated at the base, and embracing the stem. In/lo- 
rescence terminal corymbs of numerous crowded golden yellow 
flowers, the peduncles more or less cottony. Involucre hemispherical, 
its scales linear, tipped with black. lorets numerous, those of the 
ray with a linear oblong spreading limb, three toothed at the end, 
those of the disk tubular, five toothed. MP ruit ovate, of the disk 
rough, with short hairs, of the ray smooth, Pappus short, soon 
falling away. 
Habitat —Open pastures, road sides, and waste places; common. 
Perennial ; flowering in July and August. 
This is the most common and troublesome of the genus to the 
farmer. It will, from its fleshy roots and long penetrating fibres, 
sustain a long period of dry weather, and is green, long after the 
other herbage around it is withered; it is not, however, except from 
great scarcity, ever fed upon by cattle. When bruised it has a foetid 
unpleasant smell, and has been, under the name of Swine’s Cress, 
applied in the form of poultice to cancers. It is in many parts of the 
country still used as an ingredient in poultices to inflamed or 
gathered breasts, but without any advantage, over a simple poultice 
of bread and milk. 
7. S. aquat'icus, Huds. (Fig. 1290.) Marsh Ragwort. Leaves 
smooth, the radical ones petiolated, oblong, entire, or lobed at the 
base, the upper lyrato-pinnatifid, sessile, branched above, corymbose, 
lax; involucre hemispherical; ray oblong, toothed, spreading; fruit 
all smooth. 
