CLASS XXI, ORDER III. | CAREX. 1155 
a bright green, sheathing at the base, smooth. Spike terminal, ovate, 
about an inch long, sometimes interrupted, a dark reddish brown, the 
lower bractea leafy, and longer than the spike. Spikelets several 
having the upper florets barren, the fertile ones most numerous. 
Scales of the barren florets lanceolate, taper pointed, those of the 
barren ones oblong, acutely pointed, all with the green mid-rib ter- 
minating in a bristly point. /ruit ovate, convex at the back, and 
mostly many ribbed towards the point, plane, or somewhat concave 
in front, and mostly seven ribbed, the beak bifid, rough on the 
margins, not longer than the scales. Stigmas two, long, spreading. 
Habitat.—Marshy places principally near the sea; most abundant 
in the East of England; Angusshire, Scotland. 
Perennial; flowering in May and June. 
8. C. interme'dia, Gooden. (Fig. 1393.) Soft brown Carex. Spike 
oblong, crowded, interrupted, the lower and terminal spikelets fertile, 
the rest barren; fruit ovate, ribbed, with a narrow acute rough 
margin, its beak long, acuminate, bifid, longer than the ovate acute 
scales; bracteas membranous, the lower ones somewhat leafy ; stem 
triangular ; leaves plane; root creeping. 
English Botany, t 2042.—English Flora, vol. iv. p. 86 —Hooker, 
British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 3383.—Lindley, Synopsis, p. 286.—C. 
disticha, Huds. 
Root with long creeping underground stems, and long deep branched 
fibres. Stem erect, from one to two feet high, unequally triangular, 
striated and rough on the margins, leafy below, naked above. Leaves 
a bright green, linear, with a long tapering point, flat, sheathing at 
the base, finely striated, rough on the edges and keel. Spike ter- 
minal, oblong, somewhat interrupted. Spikelets ovate, the upper and 
lower ones fertile, the intermediate ones barren. Bracteas membra- 
nous, or the lower ones mostly somewhat leafy. Scales ovate, acute, 
pale brown, with a green keel, Fruit large, ovate, longer than the 
scales, convex at the back, nearly plane in front, the angles acute, 
roughish, striated, the beak flattened and bifid at the apex. Stigmas 
two. 
Habitat.—Marshy and wet meadows. 
Perennial; flowering in May and June. 
9. C. arena'ria, Linn. (Fig. 1894.) Sea Carex. Syike oblong, 
erowded, interrupted; the lower spikelets fertile, the upper barren ; 
fruit ovate, ribbed, with a winged membranous margin, the beak 
short, bifid, shorter than the lanceolate scales; bracteas membranous, 
the lower ones somewhat leafy ; stem triangular ; leaves plane; root 
creeping. 
English Botany, t. 928.—English Flora, vol. iv. p. 85.— Hooker, 
British Flora, ed. 4. vol. i. p. 333.—Lindley, Synopsis, p. 285. 
Root with very long creeping underground stems and long branched 
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