42 NATURAL ORDERS AND : 
Scales of involucre linear......... Curysocoma, v. 3. p. L061. 
Seales of inyolucre unequal, 
membranous .......0.6+ sesseee GNAPHALIUM, V. 3. p. 1063. 
Involucre with two rows of scales Prrasires, v. 3. p. 1060. 
Pappus wanting ..... wana geantand pane de ARTEMISIA, V. 3. p. 1067. 
Pappus a membranous margin ...... TANAcrtom, v. 8 p. 1070. 
Receptacle tuberculated, or paleaceous 
Pappus hairy, often wanting ......... ErLaco, v. 3. p 1061. 
Pappus from two to five awns......... Bivens, v. 3. p. 1071. 
Fruit crowned by the lower half of 
the persistent corolla ...... Dioris, v. 3. p. 1072. 
Fruit inclosed in a hardened invo- 
WUGCTO! scdess sgn staase Geassngsqens)t SAME OM Win pe 
SuB-oRDER 2, CYNAROCEPHALEZ. 
Receptacle excavated like a honey comb OnopoxproM, Vv. 3. p. 1046. 
Receptacle paleaceous 
Pappus in a double row ........ssssssee88 SAUSSUREA, V. 3. p. 1058. 
Pappus in a single row 
Feathery, and united into a ring 
at the base. 
Inner scales of the involucre 
membranous spreading like 
PBYGco.coeces a ddi ds Seedeesoves.6) CAREINA, ¥. Gage 104m 
Involucre scales simple, spinous 
atthe point -ase.esswet.hesite. Cirsium, v. 3. p. 1750. 
Hairy. 
United into a ring at the base.., Carpuus, v. 3. p. 1048. 
Unequal, rigid. 
Involucre scales hooked at 
the APeX........ seceeceeesee LAPPA, V.'S. p. 1056. 
Involucre scales acute at the 
point, entire ............... SERRATULA, V. 3. p. 1057. 
Equal, soft, or wanting. 
Inyolucre scales spiny, or torn CENTAUREA, V. 3. p. 1099. 
SuB-ORDER 3. CICHORACER. 
Pappus feathery. 
Receptacle paleaceous .........ssssse00488 HYPOCHERIS, V. 3. p. 1017. 
Receptacle naked. 
Involucre simple, equal scales ...... TRAGoPoGON, vy. 3 p. 1019. 
Involucre with imbricated scales. 
Fruit transversely striated. 
gradually tapering into a point Prcris, v. 3. p. 1021. 
beak long, slender, capillary HELminTHia, y. 3. p. 1025. 
Fruit angularly striated. 
beak very short......ccecsesseseeeee APARGIA, V. 3. p. 1022. 
beak very long, slender ..,... LEonTopon, v. 3. p. 1024. 
