656 



SCIENCE 



[N. S. Vol. XXXVIII. No. 9S4 



not yet evolved the chemist and banker, but 

 such an evolution, or at least the close 

 alliance of chemistry and banking is a 

 fundamental prerequisite if the results of 

 industrial research are to find their full 

 fruition in America. Let me add that no 

 field within the purview of the banker is 

 more ripe for tillage or capable of yielding 

 a richer harvest. 



"We need, however, to lead the banker to 

 the chemical point of view, and even more 

 do we ourselves require to be taught the 

 financial principles involved in the broad 

 application of chemistry to industry. To 

 the ideals of service which inspire our pro- 

 fession, and which are so finely exemplified 

 in Cottrell and made effective in the re- 

 search corporation, we should add a 

 stronger impulse to direct personal initia- 

 tive in affairs. "We shall need for years to 

 prosecute a vigorous campaign for a better 

 understanding by the general public of 

 what chemistry is and what research is. 

 The popular imagination is ready to accept 

 any marvel which claims the laboratory as 

 its birthplace, but the man in the works still 

 disbelieves that two and two in chemical 

 nomenclature make four. "We need a multi- 

 plication of research laboratories in special 

 industries, each with an adequate staff of 

 the best men obtainable and an equipment 

 which gives full range to their abilities. In 

 nearly every case this equipment shoiild 

 include apparatus of semi-commercial size 

 in which to reduce to practise the labora- 

 tory findings. Nothing is more demoraliz- 

 ing to an industrial organization, and few 

 things ate more expensive, than full-scale 

 experimentation in the plant. 



These laboratories should each be devel- 

 oped around a special library, the business 

 of which should be to collect, compile and 

 classify in a way to make all instantly avail- 

 able, every scrap of information bearing 

 upon the materials, methods, products and 



requirements of the industry concerned. 

 Modern progress can no longer depend 

 upon accidental discoveries. Each advance 

 in industrial science must be studied, organ- 

 ized and fought like a military campaign. 

 Or, to change the figure, in the early days 

 of our science, chemists patrolled the shores 

 of the great ocean of the unknown, and 

 seizing upon such fragments of truth as 

 drifted within their reach, turned them to 

 the enrichment of the intellectual and mate- 

 rial life of the community. Later they ven- 

 tured timidly to launch the frail and often 

 leaky canoe of hypothesis and returned 

 with richer treasures. To-day, confident 

 and resourceful, as the result of many 

 argosies, and having learned to read the 

 stars, organized, equipped, they set sail 

 boldly on a charted sea in staunch ships 

 with tiering canvas bound for new El 

 Dorados. 



Arthxjr D. Little 



SOME PALEONTOLOGICAL RESULTS OF TEE 



SWEDISH SOUTH POLAR EXPEDITION 



UNDER NORDENSKIOLD 



Since the days of Sir Joseph Hooker's art- 

 icle^ on southern pines which was published in 

 1845 there has been much speculation regard- 

 ing Antarctica as a center of evolution and 

 radiation of both floras and faunas and 

 as ailording a theater for the interchange 

 of floras and faunas between South Amer- 

 ica, Africa and Australia.^ Outside of 

 the deductions based on the geographical 

 distribution of the existing biota of these 

 three regions practically no facts have been 

 available from Antarctica itself, particularly 

 regarding the extinct forms of this great ice- 

 covered land-mass. 



Antarctic exploration has been very active 

 during the past decade and popular as well as 

 scientific interest has been greatly heightened 



1 Jour. Dot., Vol. 4, 1845, p. 137. 



2 See recent summary by Hedley in Proo. Linn. 

 Soe. Lond., reprinted in Smithsonian Report for 

 1912, pp. 443^53, 1913. 



