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47 



HAWAIIAN SKULLS 



lation, and are as follows: the right teeth less worn than the left, the mid- 

 temporal crest 53 mm. from the sagitta on the right, while, as it is 48 mm. 

 from the same on the left, and the posterior part of the temporal right 41 

 mm. distant from the lambda, where it was but 22 mm. distant on the left 

 side, a difference of 19 mm., thus indicating in low degree of development ot 

 the right temporal muscle, the right ramus of the lower jaw was 3 mm. 

 narrower than the left ; a greater distance from the orbit to the alveolus at the 

 second molar on the right side as compared with the left, 40 mm. on right 

 35 mm. on left; the right upper orbital margin was straight or nearly so, 

 while the left was greatly inclined downward ; the orbital measurement on the 

 two sides were as follows: right, 35'' X 38''; left, 34'' X 38". A distinct 

 though small exostosis was seen at the junction of the ectal and endal tribu- 

 taries to the infraorbital margin, while no exostosis was seen on the left side. 



While the greater measurement in the above enumeration was on the 

 left side, the greater coracoid height was on the right side, the distance being 

 71 mm., while on the left side it is but 66 mm., a difference which answers 

 pretty nearly to the amount of new bone deposited on the right condyloid 

 process by reason of the old arthritis. In addition to these the left orbito- 

 sphenoid was perforated at its pedicle. 



I am of the opinion that the exostosis noted in the above specimen on 

 the weakef side harmonized with the appearance in the specimen No. 1121, 

 H. U,, in which similar outgrowths were noted in the infrao.rbital region of 

 the weaker side, and the suggestion is received that in the skulls generally 

 the weaker or less well-nourished specimens are apt to exhibit the greater 

 number of nodosities or osteophytic outgrowths ; this tendency is shown 

 even in the crests at borders of some muscular impressions, as in No. 1761, 

 A. N. S., a skull of light texture and thin walls, yet which showed large 

 shelf-like projections of the superior semicircular line of the occipital bone. 

 No. 1 109, H. U., exhibited two small nodosities on the left side of the frontal 

 bone in the temporal fossa, one being on the line of the closed coronal 

 suture. 



Diseased Action 



Among the difficulties associated with craniology the changes of form, 



due to disease, holds a prominent place. No people, however primitive they 



may be, appear to have been free from these pathological conditions, though 



it must be said that the tendency is increased among the civilized. The 



