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49 



HAWAIIAN SKULLS ^ 



the outer plate of the parietal bone to give way and expose the diploe to a 

 great extent on the left bone at the vertex, in front of the tuber, and to a 

 slight extent on the right bone near the coronal suture. The lambda was 

 also the seat of a similar exposure. The alisphenoid, basiocciptal, and orbital 

 plates of the frontal bones were the locations for numerous venous openings. 

 Hyperostoses were present in the tympanic bone as it entered into the com- 

 position of the external auditory meatus, at the lower orbital margin. The 

 specimen, while not over thirty years of age, exhibited the teeth distinctly 

 protruded. The frontal and sphenoid bones were distinctly rugose as they 

 entered into the composition of the temporal fossse. 



The process of absorption shaded off, and, while detectable in Nos. 1760 

 and 175 I, A. N. S., was not present in sufficient degree to demand detailed 

 description. No. 175 1, the inner wall of the right orbit had in great part 

 given way, as well as the floor along the line of the infraorbital canal. No. 

 1760, a similar absorptive area was seen on the floor of the left orbit. The 

 only specimen possessing a lower jaw was No. 175 1. The bone was massive 

 and exhibited a convex lower margin to the body. 



In No. 1749, A. N. S., about fifty years of age, the disposition to porosis 

 was moderate in degree, yet the tendency to exostosis marked. This is noted 

 in many places, chiefly in the suture lines of the face, the outgrowths on the 

 tympanic bone in the external auditory meatus, the marginal hyperostosis for 

 the origin of muscle at the occiput. A remarkable nodule 1 1 mm. in width 

 at base was attached to the frontotemporal crest, near the stephanion. While 

 these outgrowths were so conspicuous, the postglenoid process was rudimen- 

 tary. The teeth were scarcely prolonged. Maxillary tuberosities were greatly 

 pitted and rugose. The condyloid process had undergone inflation and sub- 

 sequent wear. 



No. 2094, A. N. S., the skull was light, teeth unworn, yet the sagittal 

 suture had disappeared. The sinuses of face were inflated. The pyramidal 

 processes were of great size (see page 31). The uncinate processes were 

 placed transversely to the axis of the nasal chamber, and conspicuous exos- 

 toses were seen in the external auditory meatus. The sconce was marked 

 with numerous depressions in the same locations as in the specimeli in which 

 this region had given way. The left side of the hard palate was remarkably 

 deflected and had the best developed teeth, the second molar having the 

 hypocone well developed, while on the right side of the corresponding tooth 

 this cusp was rudimental. 



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