JULY 23, 1897. ] 
of Neurology* in the Anthropological Build- 
ing at the World’s Fair need not be told of 
the pleasure which may be derived from a 
thoroughly well arranged exhibit of the 
nervous system. In the ideal museum it 
will be possible to read the story of the devel- 
opment of a man’s brain, from its lowly be- 
ginning as an infolding of the outer germ 
layer to that complete organ of the adult 
which in its structural form so closely re- 
sembles the brain of the higher apes, but 
which in its potentialities and possibilities 
is as far removed as man himself is from 
the brute creation. But there is more than 
mere development to be shown. Even the 
brain of the adult is subject to great varia- 
tion from the normal, and all these varia- 
tions are interesting from the standpoint of 
morphology. Then there is the correlation 
of the brain to the skull which must be 
shown, along with the casts of the cavity 
of the skull. The subject is by no means 
exhausted yet, but enough has been said to 
point out, although imperfectly, the possi- 
bilities which this system lends to museum 
purposes. 
Of the other four great systems of physi- 
cal man I shall stop for only one, and in 
that shall select a single example. I refer 
to the variations in the arch of the aorta, 
the great blood vessel which leads from the 
heart. In all the systems or parts of sys- 
tems of man’s structure there is none, per-. 
haps, which betrays his humble origin so 
well or so convincingly as the variations 
which we find here. Itis not that in the 
embryological development of the circula- 
tory system in general we can trace man’s 
pedigree from a condition more primitive 
than that of the fishes, but that, to return 
to our example, in the adult variations of 
the aorta we may find a single aortic arch 
on the left side, the normal condition ; or a 
single arch on the right side, the condition 
* Under the able direction of Professor H. H. 
Donaldson, of the University of Chicago. 
SCIENCE. 
117 
of birds; or a right and left, or double arch, 
the condition in reptiles. 
In all of these four great systems, to say 
nothing of man’s outer covering, such as 
the skin and hair, there are similar interest- 
ing facts, which, by means of corrosive and 
injection preparations or preservative fluids, 
may be exhibited in an attractive manner 
and serve as illustrations for the text-book 
of humankind. 
In the third section we do not consider 
man, but men; not the species man, but 
the varieties of men; and hence we may 
characterize this section as special or eth- 
nic. Theaim is to present, as compactly and 
attractively as possible, a bird’s-eye view 
of all the groups of people from all parts of 
the world. Such an exhibit, properly made, 
carefully installed, and fully and accurately 
labelled, ought easily to excel in interest 
any exhibit that can be made of any de- 
partment of science. An exhibit, for ex- 
ample, of a group of casts of Australians, 
true to life in color, expression, form and 
dress, is just as much more interesting than 
a group of stuffed kangaroos as a group of 
live Australians is of more interest than a 
group of live kangaroos; and for proof of 
the correctness of the latter observation one 
need only take a single glance at the distri- 
bution of a crowd at a circus. 
As to details, of course, there will be much 
divergence of opinion, but we cannot go 
very far astray if we follow, as a general 
rule, a geographical order. There will be 
times, to be sure, when it will not be prac- 
ticable or wise to do this, but if we begin 
with the dark-skinned races, such as the 
Negrittoes, Papuans, Australians, and Ne- 
groes of Africa, we can readily pass over to 
the brown or insular peoples of the Pacific, 
such as the Malays, Indonesians, ete. We 
can next take up the continent of America, 
and then, passing over into Asia by the 
northwest coast, can cross Asia and so 
finally traverse Hurope. In this manner 
