172 
whole group, and following Brogniart he divides 
it in four orders: 
I. Schildkroten. Testudines. 
II. Eidechsen. Lacertx. 
IIL. Schlangen. Serpentes. - 
IV. Frosche. Rane. 
Shaw * uses the same names for the four or- 
ders of his Amphibia in the following order: 
I. Testudines. II. Rane. III. Lacerte. IY. 
Serpentes. 
We see the Latin name Batrachia was not used 
at all by Brogniart, as stated by Professor Cope 
in 1889 (Batrachia of North America, p. 17). 
The first Latin name for the order is Rane, 
SCIENCE. 
[N. 8. Von. VI. No. 135. 
ders . Chelonii (Testudines, Treviranus, Shaw, 
1802), Saurit (Lacerte Treviranus, Shaw), and 
Ophidii (Serpentes Treviranus, Shaw) ; the sec- 
ond one the order Batrachii* (Ranae Trevi- 
ranus, Shaw). 
Two years later, in 1806, C. Duméril + used 
the Latin names: Class, Reptilia, with the or- 
ders, Chelonii, Saurii, Serpentes, Batracit. 
Gravenhorst,{ in 1807, calls the orders: 
Chelonia, Sauria, Ophidia, Batrachia.2 
Oppel || opposed the ‘Batraciens’ to the 
other Reptilia, as can be seen from his diagnosis, 
but he did not give any special names to the 
combined*opposed orders. 
Classis REPTILIA. Animalia vertebrata ; pulmonibus ; sanguine frigido ; pilis, mammellis, plumisque 
carentia. 
obtectum 
Corpus 
(Klein). 
Treyiranus, and if we would follow Cope’s 
opinion about this question we should have to 
call the class Amphibia Ranx. 
In 1804 Latreille + published his ‘Tableau 
méthodique des Reptiles.’ 
Classe troisiéme. 
Reptiles, REPTILIA. 
I. Des pattes, ayant des doigts onguiculés, ou 
point des pattes; jamais de branchies ni de 
métamorphose. 
Ordre I. Chéloniens, CHELONII. Des pattes ; corps 
enveloppé dans 
une boite osseuse. 
Des pattes ; corps 
nu. 
Ordre III. Ophidiens, OpHIDII. Point des pattes. 
II. Doigts des pattes n’ayant pas d’ongles; des 
branchies, du moins pendant un temps; de 
métamorphose. 
Ordre II. Sauwriens, SAURII. 
Ordre IV. Batraciens, BATRACHII. 
We see, that Latreille divides the Reptilia 
in two groups, without giving special names 
to them. The first group contains the Or- 
*Shaw, George. General Zoology or Systematic 
Natural History, Vol. III., Part I., Amphibia, p. 5. 
London, 1802. 
{In the Nouveau Dictionnaired’ Hist. Nat., Vol. 
24, p. 61. 
testa, sternoque.............- 
podnDoAAKOdODDEsOSBoosHOdCODOUSSAsCaGEAoBO. I. Testudinata (Klein). 
squamis, Costis proprie CicCti.........ccecceceeceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeene ees II. Squamata (Oppel). 
nudum, i. e., nec testa, nec squamis ; genitalia exteriora nulla; metamorphosis...III. Nuda 
Oppel was also the first one who placed the 
Cecilians in the Amphibia; he also placed 
Anguis in the Lacertilia. The affinity between 
Anguis and the Lacertilia had been recognized, 
however, already one year before by Lehmann.{ 
Now follows the important paper of de Blain- 
ville,** published in 1816. He divides the rep- 
tiles into two classes or subclasses, as will be 
seen from his diagram. 
*This is the first occurrence of the Latin form of 
Batraciens Brogniart. 
+ Duméril, Constant. Zoologie Analytique ou 
Méthode Naturelle de classification des Animaux. 
Paris, MDCCCVI., pp. 74-95. 
{ Gravenhorst, I. L. C. Vergleichende Ubersicht 
der Linneischen und einiger neueren zoologischen 
Systeme. Gottingen, 1807, p. 397. 
2 This is the first use of the name Batrachia. 
|| Oppel Michael. Die Ordnungen, Familien und 
Gattungen der Reptilien als Prodrom einer Naturge- 
schichte derselben. Miinchen, 1811, 86 p. 
{{ Lehmann, C. D. W. Uber die Zerbrechlichkeit 
der Blindschlangen und die Ubereinstimmung des 
inneren Baues derselben mit den Hidechsen. Magaz. 
der Gesellsch. Naturf. Freunde. I-Berlin. Jahrg. IV., 
pp. 14-31, 1810. 
**Blainville, H. de. Prodrome d’une nouvelle dis- 
tribution systematique du régne animal. Bulletin 
des Sciences par la Société Philomatique de Paris. 
Année 1816, pp. 113-124. 
