260 
guides to biological literature. One could wish 
to haye as an appendix to the lecture a list, 
with full bibliographical details, of the publica- 
tions treated, showing especially the connection 
and succession of the numerous German Jahres- 
berichte and Anzeiger. As it is, however, the 
lecture makes not only an admirable introduc- 
tion to biological bibliography, but also very 
interesting reading. The bulk of the lecture 
is devoted to the bibliographical publications 
in question, which are divided into four classes: 
(1) Standard bibliographies; (8) Incidental 
bibliographies; (8: a.) Current bibliographies 
appearing annually ; (8: b.) Current bibliogra- 
phies appearing at intervals of less than a 
year. As an introduction Professor Minot gives 
an interesting account of his own methods of 
dealing bibliographically with his literary ma- 
terial and with his library. In connection here- 
with he also gives some few rules for dealing 
with a scientific subject from the point of view 
of the bibliographer, emphasizing that the title 
of an article ‘should be as brief as possible and 
nevertheless indicate the contents ;’ that a table 
of contents should be used in longer articles, 
say of 40 to 100 pages; that reprints should 
have the paging of the original publications; 
and that references to other authorities should be 
carefully arranged. 
AKSEL G. 8. JOSEPHSON. 
THE JOHN CRERAR LIBRARY, CHICAGO. 
Indiana—A Century of Changes in the Aspects 
of Nature. A.W. BUTLER. President’s Ad- 
dress. From Proceedings Indiana Academy 
of Sciences, No. V., 1895. 
This pamphlet of a dozen pages gives an in- 
teresting account of the changes in the natural 
conditions in Indiana, brought about by the 
adyent of the white man, the passing away of 
the virgin forests, the destruction of the herds 
of buffaloes, the elk, the flocks of wild turkeys, 
the pigeons and many more. 
In the valleys of the Wabash and Whitewater 
there were magnificent forests of deciduous trees, 
which probably could not be surpassed any- 
where in America. Forty-two trees in the 
Wabash valley attained a height above one hun- 
dred feet, the tallest recorded being a tulip 
poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera L.), 190 feet high. 
SCIENCE. 
[N. 8. Von. VI. No. 137. 
The bison or buffaloes had well marked road- 
ways in some of the river valleys, along which 
countless thousands passed annually, chiefly on 
their journey to and from the Big Bone Lick, in 
Kentucky. Elk and deer were common, bear 
and wolves quite abundant, beaver were found 
in many localities, while the wild cat Canada 
porcupine and panther were numerous. Wild 
turkeys and pigeons and the beautiful little 
Carolina paroquets were more than abundant, 
but have been almost, or in a great measure, 
exterminated. The hog assisted in the killing 
of the rattlesnakes and copperheads. 
Thus, with the aid of the gun, of fire and the 
axe, was the land, allthings being considered, 
speedily made ready for the plow, and a new 
life of sparrows, of little snakes, humble bees 
and grasshoppers took possession of the fields. 
More than half of humanity will declare that 
the destruction was unavoidable and even com- 
mendable, but we trace a spirit of regret run- 
ning through all of Mr. Butler’s admirable ad- 
dress, and this speaks for the rest of mankind, 
who would fain have saved a tract of virgin 
forest where they might resort to contemplate 
some of the wonders of the world. 
W. T. DAvis. 
- NEW BOOKS. 
System der Bakterien. W. Micuia. Jena, 
Gustav Fischer. 1897. Pp. viii-+ 368 and 
6 plates. 
Citizen Bird. 
ELLIOTT COUES. 
MABEL OsGoop WRIGHT and 
New York and London, 
The Macmillan Company. 1897. Pp. xiv 
+419. $1.50. 
Some Unrecognized Laws of Nature. IGNATIUS 
SINGER and Lewis H. Berens. New York, 
D. Appleton & Co. 1897. 
$2.50. 
Les huiles Minérales. FRANGOIS Miron. Paris, 
Gauthier- Villars et fils. Pp. 194. 
Bulletin dela Société Belge de Geologie de Paléon- 
tologie et Hydrologic. ANNE. 1895. Vols. 
IX and X. Brussels, Polleunis et Centerick. 
1895, 796, ?97. 
The University Geological Survey of Kansas. 
ErAsMus HAwortH. Topeka. 1897. Vol. 
II. Pp. 318. 
Pp. xvi+ 511. 
