OCTOBER 29, 1897. ] 
three feet in which are similar objects down 
to the bottom. 
But in the compact undisturbed sand 
from one foot below the surface through 
the two feet or more of the lower part of 
the trenches Mr. Volk reports that he has 
found no pottery or charcoal or chipped 
fragments of jasper, flint or quartz; but 
that he has found, sparingly scattered 
throughout the entire mass, many chipped 
fragments and implements made from argil- 
lite, these occurring frequently near the 
bottom of the trenches, three feet and more 
below the present surface and two or more 
feet below ordinary signs of recent disturb- 
ance. 
At the first visit our own work consisted 
in the digging of one long trench from near 
the edge of the bluff back through a dis- 
tance of twenty-one and a-half feet. Its 
width was three and three-quarters feet, 
aud its depth a little over three feet. This 
was immediately north of the ground which 
has been explored by Mr. Volk. We also 
dug three other pits, one being about twenty 
-feet farther north, which was 7}x 44 feet; 
another, thirty feet east of the second, 
which was six feet square; a fourth, one 
hundred feet still farther east, and on 
ground about one foot higher, which was 
four and a-half feet square. 
After careful examination we fixed upon 
fifteen inches as the limit of probable or 
possible ordinary disturbance, and had 
all the superincumbent soil removed from 
the trenches to that depth. We then had 
narrow excavations made two feet lower or 
to a total depth of forty inches, in some 
cases going still fartherdown. Having pre- 
pared a smooth perpendicular surface, the 
work was subsequently done by carefully 
scraping off the face of the excavation with 
a trowel, and when any object of stone was 
encountered, all were called to witness it 
in place before removal. In this way a 
total amount of three hundred and twenty- 
SCIENCE. 
639 
five cubic feet of the deposit was carefully 
examined. This is equivalent to a trench 
forty feet long, four feet wide and two feet 
deep; this being the lower two or more feet 
of the material removed. 
Number of Objects Found.—As a result of 
this examination during the first visit, there 
were found in the lower two feet of undis- 
turbed soil fifteen chipped fragments or im- 
plements of argillite all covered with a deep 
patina, two thick flakes of jasper and three 
of quartz, with a few broken stones. There 
were found and counted also between three 
hundred and four hundred pebbles ranging 
from the largest, which was 84 x 4¢ x 24 
inches, down to numerous ones the size of a 
French pea. Many of them were from one 
to two inches in diameter. The implements 
were scattered pretty evenly through the 
entire mass of gravel. The upper five 
inches contained four; the second five, seven; 
the third five, four; the fourth five, five. 
Besides this there were six battered or 
broken pebbles, showing artificial origin, 
but all these were in the upper six inches 
of our stratum. Of the quartz and flint 
flakes, two were found in the upper four 
inches, two from ten to twelve inches down, 
and one at a depth of eighteen inches. 
The Character of the Strata.—Beginning at 
the top, there is first a stratum of fifteen 
inches to be exeluded. The upper seven 
inches of the stratum under consideration 
consists of compact sand in which there are 
no signs of bedding or disturbance of any 
sort. 
Below this occurs, over most of the area, 
a reddish, clayey band, about a-half inch 
thick, which extends in a wavy line, often 
thinning out so as to be almost impercep- 
tible. 
Below this is a stratum of yellowish 
sand, similar to the first, about six inches 
thick. 
Below this is a second continuous reddish 
band slightly waved, but far less so than 
