712 
SCIENCE. 
(N.S. Von. VI. No. 151. 
SELECTION.* 
Sort. MEANS. RESULT. 
I. Darwin, Wal-| 1. Struggle for Existence (Darwin,| 1. ‘Survival of the Fittest’ Indi- 
1, 2. Natural lace, Spen- Wallace). viduals (Spencer). 
Selection cer) [40]. 2. Inherent Weakness, without) 2. Destruction of Unfit Individuals. 
II. (Eimer) [40]. Struggle. 
8. Germinal Selection (Weis-| 3. Struggle of Germinal Elements.| 3. Survival of Fittest Germinal 
mann). Elements. 
4, Intra-Selection (Roux, Weis-| 4. Struggle of Parts (Roux). 4, Survival of Fittest Organs. 
mann, Delage). 
5. Functional Selection (Baldwin).| 5. Overproduction of Movements} 5. Survival of Fittest Functions. 
(Bain, Spencer, Baldwin). 
6. Organic Selection (Baldwin, Os-| 6. Accommodation (Baldwin) ; In-| 6. Survival of Accommodating In- 
dividual Adaptation (Os- 
born, Lloyd Morgan) [Appen- 
dix A]. 
Morgan). 
7. Artificial Selection (Darwin). | 7. 
8. Personal Selection [40]. 8. Choice. 
9. Sexual Selection (Darwin) [40].| 9. 
etc. 
10. Social Sélectiont [40, 120]. 
11. Social Suppression} [38 ff]. 
. Lmitative 
— 
wo 
Imitative Selection{[ 40, 121, 
307 
Heredity. 
Social Generalization} [121, 
| 310 ff] 
born) ; Modification (Lloyd 
Choice for Planting and for Mat-! 7. 
ing together. 
Conscious Selection by Courting,| 9. 
. Social Competition of Individ- 
uals and Groups with Natural 
Selection (Malthus, Darwin). 
. Suppression of Socially Unfittest)11. 
(by Law, Custom, etc. ). 
Propagation 
mind to mind with Social 
dividuals. 
Reproduction of Desirable Indi- 
viduals. 
8. Employment and Survival of So- 
cially Available Individuals. 
Reproduction of Attractive In- 
dividuals. 
. Survival of Socially Fittest In- 
dividuals and Groups. 
Survival of Socially Fit. 
from)12. Survival of Ideas in Society. 
‘Certain remarks may be added, to which I 
give numbers corresponding to those topics in 
the table to which they respectively relate: 
“4 5, 6. By a singular coincidence M. 
Delage uses the phrase ‘Selection organique’ 
(Struct. du Protoplasma, ete., p. 732)to describe 
Roux’s ‘Struggle of the Parts.’ Seeing that 
Weismann’s ‘Intra-Selection (4) was directly 
applied by him to his interpretation of Roux’s 
‘Struggle,’ Delage’s phrase is not likely to 
have currency as a substitute for Intra-Selec- 
tion. As ‘Functional Selection’ (5) is a special 
means of motor accommodation, it is additional, 
and in a sense subordinate, to Intra-Selection, 
since it has a functional reference. 
‘7, 8, 9. I do not give a separate heading to 
Professor Lloyd Morgan’s phrase ‘ Conscious 
Selection,’ since it will be seen that, as he uses 
it, 7. e., in broad antithesis to ‘ Natural Selec- 
tion,’ it really includes all those special forms 
*T am indebted to Professor Lloyd Morgan for sev- 
eral suggestions utilized in the Table. 
} Suggested in this work. 
of selection in which a state of consciousness 
plays the selecting role* (7, 8, 9, 11, 12); it may 
become ambiguous in reference to cases where 
natural selection operates on mental and social 
variations (5, 6, 10) ; and even when applicable, 
asin ‘Sexual Selection’ (9), with respect to the 
‘means’ of the selection, it is still ambiguous 
with respect to the ‘results’ of the selection. 
This last ambiguity, which is brought out in the 
table (8, 9),{ makes it desirable to confine the 
phrase ‘ Conscious Selection’ (if used at all) to 
cases which result in continuance of what is de- 
*This, indeed, is still liable to the question as to 
whose is the state of consciousness, giving the difference 
(both in means and result) seen between ‘ Artificial’ 
(7) and ‘Sexual’ (9) selection. It is strange that 
Professor Morgan makes no allusion (?) to Romanes’ 
earlier suggested term ‘ Psychological Selection.’ 
t Lloyd Morgan, Habit and Instinct, pp. 219, 271. 
{ The bird ‘selects’ (sexually) for the sake of the 
experience, and it is a secondary result that she is 
also thus ‘selected’ for mating with the male and so 
for continuing his attractive characters with her own 
characters in the offspring. 
