DECEMBER 31, 1897. ] 
animal, when injected into a guinea-pig 24 
hours before inoculation with several times 
the fatal dose, conferred immunity; 2cc. 
proved potent enough to save the lives of 
guinea-pigs when injected 48 hours after 
inoculation. 
Sanarelli’s work upon immunization was 
still in progress when the third memoir was 
written, and the outcome of his projected 
experiments in serum-therapy will be 
awaited with much interest. 
Epwin O. JorpANn. 
LUDWIG RUTIMEYER. 
On the 25th of November, 1895, died at 
Basle Ludwig Riitimeyer, the last survivor 
of a long series of Swiss naturalists, the 
representatives of the classic period of 
natural science in this country. Now, two 
years after the death of this distinguished 
naturalist, his miscellaneous papers appear 
in a form capable of attracting the attention 
of the scientific world.* Rutimeyer’s numer- 
ous publications, which for a long time 
chiefly adorned the ‘Abhandlungen der 
schweizerischen palzontologischen Gesell- 
schaft’ and the ‘Denkschriften der 
schweizerischen naturforschenden Gesell- 
schaft,’ could not be reproduced, but the 
smaller occasional lectures and writings, 
which, owing to the astonishing universality 
of Rutimeyer’s researches and studies, deal 
with questions of zoology and anthropology 
as well as of geology and geography, are 
here collected in two volumes. It is well 
known what a high position the leader of 
European paleontology, von Zittel, has as- 
signed, for example, to Rutimeyer’s paper 
on the geographical and geological dis- 
tribution of animals. Whoever shall read 
this and the similar papers made accessible 
by this edition will be surprised by the 
perspicacity of the conclusions and the 
abundance of openings in every direction of 
*“Gesammelte Schriften.’ Basle, Georg et Cie. 
1898. 
SCIENCE. 
985 
natural philosophy, the exceeding originality 
and the immense knowledge of details which 
characterized the man, to whom in the last 
decades, along with Sir Richard Owen, 
Vertebrate Paleontology in Europe is most 
indebted. Among the fundamental ques- 
tions of zoology we find treated the prin- 
ciples of natural history, the boundaries of 
animal life, the phylogeny of the vertebrate 
skeleton, the changes in animal life in 
Switzerland since the presence of man, the 
modality of progress in the organic world, 
general considerations on the sectonie struc- 
ture of Europe, history of glacier studies in 
Switzerland, three essays on the Bretagne 
and addresses in the memory of L. Agassiz, 
Ch. Darwin, P. Merian and B. Studer, 
who were in intimate relations with Ruti- 
meyer. The first volume is introduced by 
an autobiographical sketch, which may 
give to American naturalists an idea of the 
development, the many suggestions and 
difficulties of a Swiss who devoted his life 
to natural philosophy. 
Rup. BuRCKHARDT. 
BASEL, December 1, 1897. 
CURRENT NOTES ON PHYSIOGRAPHY. * 
THE GLACIAL LAKE AGASSIZ. 
As the Monographs by Gilbert and Rus- 
sell on the extinct Lakes Bonneville and 
Lahontan are the classics with regard to 
basins from which former bodies of water 
have been withdrawn by evaporation, so 
*In ScrencE for December 3d it was implied 
that the recent report of the Maryland Geological 
Survey had neglected possible relations with the 
schools of the State and devoted its physiographic 
studies to the interests of ‘those who may seek a 
home in Maryland.’ This error was due to my eye 
having caught the heading ‘Study of the Pysiographic 
Features of the State’ (p. 40), in which only the im- 
migrant is referred to as taking advantage of the re- 
sults ; while I failed to note, under the heading ‘ Prep- 
aration of Final Reports,’ a very explicit mention of 
their educational significance. ‘‘It is most desirable 
that the youth of Maryland should grow up with a 
knowledge of the country in which they live, and be 
