I02 



SCIENCE. 



[Vol. XX. No 498 



value seems to be tcft, as an affix, and chi as a suffix. In 

 Fig. 18 it is a prefix and reads ich, suggesting that ch'i \s 

 the proper phonetic value to be used. The determinatives 

 that we have referred to in this and other articles seem to 

 be phonetic. 



Fig. 3 is the i!7of Landa, and there is reason to think that 

 it is correct, for the o or u attached to it is divided in half 

 by a line which I believe, from results obtained in other 

 directions, is the vowel o with the cut-line through it. In 

 the various Ch'u (or Ch^o) glyphs (Figs. 4 and 5) that we 

 have given this component of the glyph is square (Fig. 16). 

 It has the cut-sign in the middle, or is divided by it, and 

 gives a fair representation of teeth. Co = tooth in Maya 

 (pronounced Coo), and, as in Figs. 3, 4, 5, the cut-sign runs 

 to the perpendicular line (Fig. 17), whose phonetic value in 

 my alphabet = iy, either end of the h glyph touching the 

 ch glyph, which envelops it externally, as in Figs. 3, 4, I 

 accept it as a suggestion of h^ or ch^u 



What we have designated as the cut-line, or sign, appears 

 in other places. A good example is shown in Fig. 8. It is 

 the well-known honey-sign, but in this case is combined with 

 other glyphs. I act on a principle of analysis which so far 

 has given good results, that the glyphs and Maya decora- 

 tions are composed of ikonomatic components, and that the 

 Maya scribe sculptor and his more demotic brethren do not 

 seem to have used any meaningless decorations, either in 

 their hieroglyphs or the ornamentation of their palaces, 

 all these being in keeping with the words which they in- 

 tended to convey to the reader's mind by the sound of the 

 name of the thing represented. Fig. 8 is a glyph in the 

 second row of the outer page of the Codex Troano. It 

 is placed in front of Plate 35 of Brasseur's work. We will 

 begin our analysis as follows: (a) The upper, left-hand 

 glyph and the determinative sign below it on the lower, 

 left-hand side; (6) the upper, right-hand glyph and the 

 honey-sign below it at the lower, right-hand side. The o or 

 u glyph is composed of the eye glyph, ich, or uich, placed 

 on either side below the tooth-like appendage, Co. Just 

 above it, in the elongated, oval glyph, is the hCi or h glyph, 

 a line running through oorw, these two glyphs giving us an 

 admirable suggestion of Mu or ch'o. By taking half of this 

 upper glyph it can easily be seen that the ii of Landa (Fig. 3) 

 is but a variant of this glyph (Fig. 21). The upper right- 

 hand glyph (Fig. 8) has the dotted sh aspirate, together with 

 the i loop and I curve. Descending from the i loop is the 

 twisted glyph (or line), whose phonetic value I have so far 

 used with success as ba (from ba, twisted, tortuous, bent). 

 By trying every combination that can be obtained from 

 this glyph and the preceding glyphs, I find that the fol- 

 lowing word was probably that intended by the Maya 

 scribe, viz., " ch'u-h-oo-shil," or "ch'hucil." Turning to 

 the vocabulary of Brasseur, which seems to suit this kind of 

 work better than the dictionary of Perez, I find that the 

 word in Maya means "sweets." This placed over the honey- 

 sign, at the lower right-hand corner, indicates that we are 

 not far astray in our analysis. The honey-sign has the two 

 small, square, black, count glyphs attached to its left upper 

 and lower corners = ca, or "two;" next comes our dotted 

 aspirate line, which has the phonetic value sh or x ; beyond 

 this aspirate, to the left, is the hd or h, a perpendicular line, 

 giving us in connection with the other components and the 

 aspirate "ca-ha" (b is understood) =ca&, or "honey." 

 "Sweets-honey" is, I think, a fair interpretation of this 

 glyph, which anyone who has studied the "Bee-Keeper's 

 Narrative " of the Troano will recall as intimately associated 



with honey and the honey-comb. Its component, il, is the 

 antennae of the bee, with the i loop attached. 



This antennae glyph I have shown in a previous article to 

 be intimately associated with the honey sign Cab. 



The second u of Landa's alphabet (Fig. 14) is expressed 

 by the o and u and the I curve to which the twisted glyph, 

 ba, is attached. This gives us "Ho-ba;" and the aspirate 

 of Landa, marked by the indented curve between the il and 

 ba components of this sign, changes the bd into hd or yd, 

 giving us "Ho-ya"="to water," "sprinkle." The u of 

 Landa is often seen placed below the hieroglyph of the Brma- 

 nient, and is intimately connected with hd, or " water which 

 refreshes the earth with rain," "dew and moisture." Ca, 

 hd, o. u have an interesting relation with the c/i't glyph, and, 

 from what we have related, seem to be determinatives. 



The cKi glyph is represented in many different parts of 

 the Troano eitheras the claw-like appendage of the shell fish, 

 as in Plate 24 (b). Codex Troano, the centipede or tarantula 

 claw, as in Plate 13 .Troano (6.C.), Plate 18 (6), Plate 9 (c), 

 or as the "pinching hand," with its crustacean like thumb 

 on Plate 25 {b), Troano. 



DEATH OF PROFESSOR W. P. TROWBRIDGE. 



Professor William P. Trowbridge, the head of the en- 

 gineering department of the Columbia College School of 

 Mines, died of heart-failure at his home in New Haven last 

 Friday. He was born in Troy, Oakland County, Mich., 

 May 25, 1828, and entered the West Point Military Academy 

 in 1844, where he graduated four years later, receiving an 

 appointment as second-lieutenant in the corps of engineers. 

 He had served as Assistant Professor of Chemistry during 

 the last year of his course at the academy, and after his 

 graduation he was occupied for some time with astronomical 

 work at the West Point Observatory. In 1851 he was ap- 

 pointed to a position on the Coast Survey under Superin- 

 tendent Bache, which he held till 1856, and at a later time 

 he took part in the survey of the James and Appomattox 

 Rivers and in a series of surveys on the Pacific coast. 



In 1854 he had received a commission as first-lieutenant 

 in the U. S. Army, which he resigned two years later to ac- 

 cept the professorship of mathematics in the University of 

 Michigan; but after a year of service, he resigned his pro- 

 fessorship also, and was appointed scientific secretary to the 

 superintendent of the Coast Survey. During the Civil War 

 he again served in the army, and rose to the rank of brig- 

 adier-general; his work in the army being largely in con- 

 nection with fortifications in New York harbor and else- 

 where. 



After the war was over he resigned his commission again, 

 and entered the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale College 

 as Professor of Dynamic Engineering, but resigned in 1877 

 to take the professorship of engineering at Columbia, which, 

 as we have stated, he held up to the time of his death. 



Professor Trowbridge was the author of a treatise on 

 " Heat as a Source of Power " and several other works on 

 engineering subjects. He was the chief agent of the tenth 

 census for collecting statistics relating to power and ma- 

 chinery employed in manufactures. He was for four years 

 Adjutant-General of Connecticut, was Vice-President of the 

 New York Academy of Sciences and of the American Asso- 

 ciation for the Advancement of Science, and was a fellow 

 of the National Academy of Sciences. For several years 

 Professor Trowbridge was a director of the Science Com- 

 pany. 



