May 17, 1889.] 



SCIENCE. 



381 



and to see to what extent and in what manner the different wants 

 are being supplied, either by home or by other foreign makers. 



— Several friends of the late Dr. F. A. Paley, the eminent 

 classical scholar, have purchased his classical library, and pre- 

 sented it to Cavendish College, Cambridge, England. 



— We have given a list of many of the congresses and confer- 

 ences to be held during the Paris Exhibition ; but recently an offi- 

 cial circular has been issued, giving detailed particulars. Further 

 information concerning these congresses can be obtained by apply- 

 ing to their respective presidents, whose names and addresses are 

 given : accidents to workmen (Sept. 9-14), M. Linder, 38 Rue de 

 Luxembourg, Paris ; advanced teaching (Aug. 5-10), M. Greard, 

 The Sorbonne, Paris ; aeronautics (July 31 to Aug. 3), M. Janssen, 

 Observatoire de Meudon, Seine-et-Oise; agriculture (July 3-31), 

 M. Meline, Palais Bourbon, Paris ; alcoholism (July 29-31), M. 

 Bergeron, 157 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris; applied mechanics 

 '(Sept. 16-21), M. Philips, 17 Rue des Marignan, Paris; architec- 

 ture (June 19-22), M. Bailly, 19 Boulevard Bonne-Nouvelle, Paris ; 

 artistic proprietary rights (July 25-31), M. Meissonnier, 131 Boule- 

 vard Malesherbes, Paris ; assistance publique (July 28 to Aug. 4), 

 Dr. Roussel, 64 Rue des Mathurins, Paris; baking (June 28 to 

 July 2), M. Cornet, 34 Rue de Rochechouart, Paris ; bibliography of 

 mathematical science (July 16-26), M. Poincare, 63 Rue Claude 

 Bernhard, Paris ; care of the blind (Aug. 5-8), M. Marten, 56 

 Boulevard des Invalides, Paris ; celestial photography (no date) ; 

 cheap dwellings (June 26-28), M. Siegfried, 6 Rond-Point de 

 Champs Elysees, Paris ; chemistry (July 29 to Aug. 3) ; chro- 

 nometry (Sept. 2-9), M. de Jonquieres, 2 Avenue Bugeaud, Paris ; 

 colonies, M. Barbey, 22 Rue du Regard, Paris; commerce and 

 industry (Sept. 22-28), M. Poirrier, 105 Rue Lafayette, Paris ; co- 

 operative stores (Sept. 8-12), M. Clavel, 2 Rue de Bourgogne ; 

 criminal anthropology (Aug. 10-17), M. Brouardel, Ecole de Mede- 

 cine; dentistry (Sept. 1-7), Dr. David, 180 Boulevard St. Germain; 

 dermatology and syphilography (Aug. 5-10), Dr. Hardy, 5 Boule- 

 vard Malesherbes, Paris ; electricity (Aug. 24-31), M. Mascart, 

 176 Rue de I'Universite, Paris ; ethnography, M. Oppert, 2 Rue de 

 Sfax, Paris ; female work (no date) ; fire departments (Aug. 27 

 and 28), M. Wolff, 18 Avenue Bosquet, Paris ; geography (Aug. 6- 

 12), M. de Bizemont, 184 Boulevard St. Germain, Paris ; homoeopa- 

 thy (Aug. 21-23), Dr. L. Simon, 5 Rue de la tour des Dames, Paris ; 

 horticulture (Aug. 16-21), M. Hardy, 4 Rue du Potager, Versailles ; 

 hydrology and climatology (Oct. 3-10), M. Renon, St. Maur, Seine ; 

 industrial proprietary dghts (Aug. 3), M. Tesserene de Bort, 82 

 Avenue Marceau, Paris ; legal medical science, Dr. Brouardel, 

 Ecole de Medecine, Paris ; literary societies (June 17-27), M. J. 

 Simon, 10 Place de la Madelaine, Paris ; marine work (Oct. 7), M. 

 Bernard, 43 Avenue du Trocadero, Paris ; mental medical science 

 (Aug. 5-10), Dr. Falret, 114 Rue du Bac, Paris; meteorology 

 (Sept. ig-25), M. Renon, Observatory de St. Maur, Seine ; methods 

 of construction (Sept. 9-14), M. Eiffel, 60 Rue Prony, Paris ; mines 

 and metallurgy (Sept. 2-1 1), M. Castel, 144 Boulevard Raspail, 

 Paris; money (Sept. 11-14), M. Magnin, The Bank, Paris ; otology 

 and laryngology (Sept. 16-21), Dr. Duplay, 2 Rue de Penthievre, 

 Paris; participation in profits (July 16-19), M. Robert, 15 Rue de 

 la Banque, Paris ; peace, M. Passy, 8 Rue Laborddre, Neuilly-sur- 

 Seine ; periods of rest from work, M. Leon Say, 21 Rue Fresnel, 

 Paris; pigeon-training (July 31 to Aug. 3), M. Janssen, Observa- 

 toire de Meudon, Seine-et-Oise ; photography (Aug. 6-17), M. 

 Janssen, Observatoire de Meudon, Seine-et-Oise; physical exer- 

 cises in education (June 15), M. J. Simon, 10 Place de la Madelaine, 

 Paris; physiological psychology (Aug. 5-10), Dr. Charcot, 117 

 Boulevard St. Germain, Paris ; popular traditions, M. Ploix, Ouai 

 Malaquais, Paris ; prehistoric anthropology and archaeology (Aug. 

 19-26), M. de Quatrefages, 36 Rue Geoffroy St. Hilaire, Paris; 

 primary education (Aug. 11-19), M. Greard, The Sorbonne, 

 Paris ; protection of monuments ( June 24-29 ), M. C. Gar- 

 nier, 60 Boulevard St. Germain, Paris ; saving of life (June 

 12-15), M' Lisbonne, 3 Rue St. Vincent de Paul, Paris; state aid 

 in emigration (no date) ; state intervention in labor contracts (July 

 i-4), M. Donnat, 1 1 Rue Chardin, Paris ; state regulation of the 

 price of food (July 5-10), M. F. Passy, 8 Rue Labordere, Neuilly- 

 sur-Seine ; statistics, M. Levasseur, 26 Rue Monsieur-le-Prince, 



Paris ; stenography (Aug. 4-1 1), M. Grosselin, Palais-Bourbon, 

 Paris; share companies (Aug. 12-19), M. Larombii^re, 16 Rue 

 d'Assas, Paris; technical commercial education (July 8-12), M. 

 Gr(5ard, The Sorbonne, Paris ; therapeutics (Aug. 1-5), Dr. Mou- 

 tard-Martin, 136 Boulevard Haussmann, Paris; unification of 

 time, M. Faye, 95 Avenue des Champs Elysees, Paris; utilization 

 of rivers (Sept. 22-27), M. Guillemain, 55 Rue Bellechasse, Paris; 

 veterinary medicine (Sept. 19-24), M. Chauveau, 10 Rue Jules 

 Janin, Paris: workmen's clubs (July 11-13); zoology (Aug. 5), 

 M. Milne-Edwards, 57 Rue Cuvier, Paris. 



— The " Report of the General Board of Studies at Cambridge" 

 (England), while curtailing the demands of the special boards, 

 estimates the additional expenditure imperatively required, either 

 at once or within a very few years, at a high figure. Under the 

 head of " Annual Expenditure " come (i) increase in the salaries 

 of lecturers, demonstrators, and assistants, at the least ;/^i,ooo; (2) 

 new chairs or lectureships of ancient history, Roman law, English 

 paleography, general jurisprudence, and physiology, for which 

 _£ 1, 500 seems a very modest allowance; (3) superannuation pen- 

 sions for teachers and lecturers, say ^1,000. Besides this, a capi- 

 tal sum must shortly be raised of £45,000 for new buildings and 

 plant. This is apportioned between anatomy and physiology 

 (£15.000), geology (£7.500). history (£3.000), library (£3,000), 

 Botanic Gardens (£2,200), and the purchase of the Perse School 

 (£12,500). The last item has already been agreed to by the 

 Senate, and it is hoped that the plans which have been prepared 

 for buildings to be erected on the purchased site — an anatomical 

 museum and physiological laboratory — will be passed before the 

 long vacation. The Medical School at Cambridge has grown 

 within a generation from a few scattered students, mostly Caius 

 men. to over four hundred. 



— The latest number of the "Johns Hopkins University Studies 

 in Historical and Political Science " is a pamphlet on " English 

 Culture in Virginia," by WilUam P. Trent. It is really an account 

 of the foundation of the University of Virginia, and especially of 

 the labors undergone in obtaining the earliest professors, most of 

 whom had to be brought over from England. The information 

 given in the pamphlet is derived in the main from the letters of a 

 man named Gilmer, who was sent to England by the university 

 authorities to engage the professors. The work can hardly be 

 said to have any but a local interest, and we confess to have found 

 Gilmer's numerous letters rather dry reading. If the University of 

 Virginia was like those of Oxford and Berlin, its early history 

 would have more general importance ; but, as it is, a hundred and 

 forty pages about the hiring of a few professors is rather too much. 

 However, The work will doubtless be interesting to Virginians, and 

 especially to graduates of the university. 



— A parliamentary return dealing with the subject of railway 

 collisions during 1888 has recently been issued. It shows that 

 during the past year accidents to trains and rolling stock in Great 

 Britain had caused the death of 11 passengers and 7 servants, 

 compared with 25 passengers and 8 servants the year before ; and 

 the injury to 594 passengers and 93 servants, compared with 538 

 passengers and 109 servants in 1887. There were loi coUisions 

 reported, 53 of passenger-trains leaving the rails, 20 of trains run- 

 ning into stations and sidings at too high a speed, 131 cases of 

 trains running over cattle, and 57 of trains running through gates 

 at level crossings. There were six fires in trains, and three fires 

 at stations. Besides the casualties named above, 96 passengers 

 and 389 seivants of companies were killed, and 814 passengers and 

 2,100 servants injured from other causes. Fifty-three persons were 

 killed and 24 injured through passing over railways at level cross- 

 ings ; 295 trespassers, including suicides, were killed, and 114 in- 

 jured ; and 54 were killed and 84 injured who are not classified. 

 The total was 905 persons killed (a decrease of 14 in number) and 

 3,826 injured (an increase of 236 compared with 1887). This total 

 is still further increased to 977 killed and 8,807 injured by other 

 accidents, such as those occurring by falling down steps, on and 

 off platforms, from the kicks of horses, and other causes. Dur- 

 ing the year, 24 horses, 3 ponies, 47 beasts and cows, 73 sheep, 

 2 donkeys, 4 hounds, i goat, and i dog were run over and killed. 



