ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC 561 



round themselves off at the two ends, which become separated from ono 

 another, and then act as true arthrospores, a germinating-filament 

 proceeding from each. The fungus is a Fusisporium, and the author 

 calls it F. moschafum. It appears to have no pathogenous properties. 



New Entomophthoracese.* — M. A. Giard identifies Eynjmsa Fre- 

 seniana Nowak. (Trij/loxporium Fresenii Thaxt.), parasitic on Aphis Mali, 

 with Neozygites Apliidis, hitherto placed among the Gregariuidse. The 

 genus Basil ioholus of Eidam he regards as nothing but a phase of 

 development of a particular group of Entomophthoracete parasitic on 

 flies. The two kinds of spore of B. ranarum occur also in Entomo- 

 phthora Calliphorse. The former is fouud on the excrement of frogs, 

 lizards, &c., which feed largely on Calliphora. It is probable that the 

 spores germinate in the digestive tube of the fly, and attain their full 

 development only in the excrement of the animal which devours it, 

 where it puts out hyphae and conids and a small number of hypnospores. 



The following new species are described : — Entomophthora saccharina, 

 parasitic on the larva of Eiichelia Jacohsese ; E. Plusise, on the larva of 

 Plusia gamma ; Metarhizium Chrysorrhese, on the larva of Liparis 

 Chrysorrhea ; M. ? Leptophyei, on a rare orthopter, Leptophyes punc- 

 tafissima. 



TJrophlyctis Kriegeana sp. n.f — Herr P. Magnus finds this new 

 species of Chytridiacefe forming galls on Carum Car id. Hyphfe 

 belonging to the mycele conjugate by means of a short canal, the 

 contents of one of the hyphfe flowing through this canal into the other, 

 ■which then developes into a brown resting-cell, or more probably resting 

 zoosporange, with smooth wall. The central chamber of mature galls 

 contains a number of these resting-cells, attached to which are often to 

 be seen the membranes of the empty conjugating-cells. 



Elaeomyces, a new type of Fungi. ± — Herr O. Kirchner has found, 

 in a sample of oil of poppies, a remarkable fungus, to which he has given 

 the name Elseomyces olei. When completely immersed in the oil, the 

 somewhat elongated cells appear to multiply themselves only by a kind 

 of tornlose sprouting, similar to that of Saccharoinyces ov Mucor ; but, 

 •when more or less completely exposed to the air, the development is 

 totally different. The cells lose their linear connection with one another, 

 round themselves off, and unite into an irregularly outlined agglomera- 

 tion of cells. Of these cells the greater number gradually lose their 

 contents and perish, while a few increase in size, acquire a thicker wall 

 and denser granular conteuts, finally becoming spores of a somewhat 

 lemon-shaped form, the germination of which, however, was not followed 

 out. The author regards the formation of the "spores" as a kind of 

 conjugation, which may possibly establish the systematic position of 

 Elseomjces to be among the Zygomycetes, near the Ustilagineae. 



Synthesis of Physcia parietina. § — M. G. Bonnier sowed spores of 

 Physcia parietina among about 40 cells of Profococcus viriclis. He was 

 thus able to observe the first differentiation of the filaments which 

 proceed from the spores, and their envelopment of the algal cells. He 

 could watch the formation of the pseudo-parenchyme, and the mode in 



* CR. Soc. de Biol., Nov. 24, 1888. See Morot's Jonrn. de Bot., iii. (1889) Rev. 

 Bibl., p. iii. t SB. Ges. Xaturf. Freunde, 1888, pp. 100-4. 



* Ber. Dentsch. Bot. Gesell., vi. (1888) Gen.-Vers.-Heft, pp. ci.-civ. (1 pi.). 

 § Comptes Rendus cvii. (1888) pp. 142-4. 



