ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 595 



MDCxxx.' To this original date were added in 1G51 the numerals xxi. to 

 compose the new date. In the frontispiece (engi-aved on copper) of 1630, Joanne 

 Terreiitio is con-ectly written, but in the frontispiece to the print of 1G51 is changed 

 to Terentio. 



(15) The "ante pauculos dies " placed here byFaber, must doubtless refer to the 

 date of the preface placed by him at the beginning of his work ; which date is 

 indicated tlius by Lim : " Eomje e musaeo nostro ad Pantheon Agrippse ii^sis 

 Kalend. Januarij Anni solemnis 1625." From this it appears that Faljcr, who 

 Lad seen Galileo's Microscopes in May 1624, only became acquainted with those of 

 the two Germans at the end of the same year. 



(16) 'Atti deir Accademia Pontificia de' nuovi Lincei, pubblicati conforme 

 alia decisioue accademica del 22 dictmbre 1850 e compilati dal Segretario T. V. 

 Anno V (1851-1852).' Roma, 1852, ito. lb., pp. 98-140. ' Ottica. Sulla 

 invenzione del microscopio. Lettera dtl prof. D. Luigi Maria Rezzi bibliotecario 

 corsiniano e accademico linceo onorario al ch. Sig. D. Baldas^are de' Piincipi 

 Boncompagni accademico linceo ordinario. Giuntovi una notizia sulle cnnsidera- 

 zioui al Tasso attribute a Galileo Galilei, e sul dubbio se Alessandro Adinari fosse 



no Ace ademico linceo.' 



(17) Venturi (G. Batt.), ' Memorie e lettere inedite finora o disperse di Galileo 

 Galilei ordinate ed illustrate con annotazioni ecc' Modena, 1818, 2 vol. 4to. ; vol. i. 

 pp. 128-9. 



(IS) Galileo, Opere, t. viii. p. 406. 



(19) Omitted. 



(20) ' L. Annei Senec£e ad Lucilium, Naturalium qu£estionum libri,' lib. i. vi. 

 5 : — " Litterse quamvis minutae et obscurse, per vitream pilam aqua plenam majores 

 clariorefc^que cerniintur. Poma formosiora quam sint videntur, si innatant vitro." 



From difieient passages, however, of Seneca, and of other ancient writers, one can 

 easily gather that the enlargement which is here mentioned was by them attributed, 

 not to the siiape of the trai'sparent means (spherical or lenticular, &c.), but to the 

 density of these media with lespect to the air, by which, according to them, the 

 appearance of objects was increased whatever the shape of the transparent and dense 

 body thiough which they were looked at. And it was probably owing to this per- 

 suasion that the ancients were ignorant of the efl'ects of lenses, or did not know 

 how to use them. 



(21) ' Bullettino di Bibliografia e di Storia delle Scienze Matematiclie e Fisiche,' 

 t. iv. (May-June 1871) p. 165. "Sur des Instruments d'optique fau.ssement attribue's 

 aux anciens par quelques savants modernes; par Th. Henri Martin, doyen de la 

 Faculte des Lettres de Kennes, Membre de I'lustitut." 



(22) ' C. Suetonii Tranquilli Duodecim Ciesares, Nero, Claudius,' li. 



(23) 'L'occhiale all' occhio, Dioptrica patrica del Co. Carlo Antonio Manzini 

 dottore Collegiate, etc. Which treats of liglit, refraction of rays, the eye, vision, 

 and of the auxiliaries which may be given to the eyes to see the almost impossible. 

 Where besides are explained the practical rules for making glasses for every sight, 

 and telescopes with which to examine the planets and the fixed stars on sea, on land, 

 and others to magnify a thousand times the smallest near object.' Bologna, 1660, 



1 vol. 4to, pp. 98 and following. 



(24) Omitted. 



(25) ' Delle Gemme, notizie raccolte da Augusto Oastellani.' Firenze, 1870, 1 vol. 

 8vo, p. 208. ' Traite' complet des pierres pre'cieuses, etc., par Charles Barbot,' Paris, 

 1858, 1 vol. 8vo, p. 820. 



(26) ' Fratris Rogeri Bacon, ordinis minorum, Oi^us majus ad Clementem quartum 

 Pontificem Eomanum, ex MS. Codice Dublinensi, cum aliis quibusdam collato, 

 nunc i^rimum edidit S. Jebb, M.D.' Londini, 1733, 1 vol. fol. This book was pre- 

 sented to Clement IV. in 1269. Here are the most important passages relating to 

 lenses (partis v. part. iii. distinc io ii. caput iv. p. 352, lines 23-6 and 31-3) : — 



" Si vero homo asjiiciat literas et alias res minutas per medium cristalli, vel vitri 

 vel alterius perspicui suppositi (this must be an ill-read abbreviation, and whicli must 

 be read superpositi) Uteris et sit portio minor sphserse, cuius convexitas sit versus 

 oculum, et oculus in acre, melius videbit literas, et apparebunt ei maiores . . . et ideo 

 hoc instrumentum est utile senibus et habentibus oculos debiles. Nam literam 

 quantumcumque parvam possunt videre in sutficienti magnitudine.'' 



Ibid., Distinct. Ultima, cap. i. p. 357, lines 25-41 : — 



" De visione fracta maiora sunt, nam de facili patet per canones supradictos, 

 quod maxima possunt apparere minima, et e contra, et longe distantia videbuntur 



