ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 789 



Dr. A. N. Berlese,* has come to tbe same conclusiou, and regards 

 Eehinobotryum atrum as the secondary or chlamydosporal form of Stysanus 

 Stemonitis. Of the four known species of Echinobotri/iim, E. atrum, 

 Iseve, Citri, and parositans, all but E. Iseve occur also in a Stilboid form, 

 E. Citri as Stysanus momlioides, and E. parasitans as S. caput- Medusse. 

 Stysanus and Pachynocyhe differ from one another in the spores being 

 in chains in the former genus, solitary and acrogenous in the latter. 



Prolification in the Hyphomycetes.f — Dr. A. N. Berlese states that 

 it is not uncommon, in the hyphomycetous fungi, after the production of 

 conids, for the conidiferous filament to renew its growth, and develops a 

 second series of filaments. This appears to be a contrivance for main- 

 taining the fungus in a latent condition until fixvourable conditions for 

 germination occur. The phenomenon was observed in Acrothecium atrum, 

 Hormodendron cladosporioides, Botrytis vulgaris, Rhinotrichum sp. and 

 Sporochisma mirabile. 



Laboulbeniaceae.J — Dr. A. N. Berlese gives a careful monograph of 

 all the known species of this little-known order of Fungi, parasitic on 

 insects and a few other animals, fifteen in number, mostly found in 

 Austria, but some also in France, Russia, and America. They are 

 characterized by having a perithece formed of a small number of cells, 

 supported on a longer or shorter stalk, and provided laterally with 

 filiform bodies varying in structure according to the genus. Within the 

 perithece are fusiform hyaline sj)orids, septated in the middle and usually 

 inclosed within asci. They are therefore abnormal Pyrenomycetes, and 

 must be regarded as an appendix to that order. 



A description follows of a new species, Lahoulbenia armillaris, 

 parasitic on Antennophorus, a genus of Acari, in Paraguay ; and the 

 following diagnoses are given of the order and of its six genera. 



Laboulbeniace^. Stipes plerumque inferne bicellularis, nodulose 

 terminatus. Perithecium conicum, locge ovoideum vel subcylindraceum, 

 esepe inequilaterale, apice ostiolatum. Sporidia fusiformia, bicellularia, 

 hyalina. Pseudoparaphyses filiformes, e latere perithecii orientes, 

 simplices vel ramosse. 



Laboulbenia. Perithecium apice mammillatum, perforatum. Pseudo- 

 paraphyses simplices vel ramosae, articulatee, filiformes. 10 species. 



Stigmatcmyces. Perithecium in parte media incrassatum, in collum 

 crassum tuberculo conoideo breviter bilobo terminatum desinens. 

 Appendix lateralis perithecii, sive pseudoparaphysis, curvata, pluriarti- 

 culata, superne (hoc est in latere convexo) appendiculis acutis ornata. 

 1 species. 



Helminthophana. Perithecium subcylindraceum, in collum cylin- 

 drium poro pertusum desinens. Ostiolum e corona cellulari multilobata 

 formatum. Pseudoparaphysis ad basira stipitis inserta, subcylindrica, 

 articulata, appendiculis acutis ornata. 1 species. 



Appendiculina. Perithecium fere globosum, in collum praelongum 

 fero cylindricum productum, Pseudoparaphysis basi perithecii inserta, 

 articulata, appendiculigera. Ostiolum (saltam ex diagnosi et figura) 

 simplex. 1 species. 



Chitonomyces. Perithecium apice trilobum. Lobus medius apice 



* Malpighia, iii. (1889) pp. 243-51 (1 pi.). t T. c, pp. 251-9 (1 pi.). 



X T. c, pp. 44-60 (1 pi.). 



