ZOOLOGY AND EOT AN Y^ MICllOSCOPY, ETC. 791 



destituta. Two species are described : — B. Elymi parasitic on Elymus 

 arenaria and E. mollis, and B. tomipara (Puccinia tomipara Trel.) parasitic 

 on a Bromus. 



Subepidermal Rusts.* — Mr. H. L. Bolley states that he has been 

 making a structural study of the teleutospore stage of Puccinia coronata 

 and P. rubigo-vera, upon different hosts, with the hope of being able to 

 obtain some differentiating structural characteristics. The results 

 obtained, however, have been negative ; for structural variations which 

 were often quite marked upon some hosts were either absent from others 

 or so slight as to be of no comparative value. In most species of 

 Uredinete, the teleutospores break through the epiderm of the host- 

 plant ; but in both the species mentioned they reach maturity in the 

 matrix or sorus without rupturing the inclosing epiderm, a condition 

 which is typical of a number of other species, and which, for the con- 

 venience of this paper, has been termed " subepidermal." These 

 species present many common peculiarities of form and structure. In 

 some cases, as P. coronata aud P. rubigo-vera, species grade the one into 

 the other so closely as to nearly defy separation upon a structural 

 basis. The author also describes the various spore-forms to be found 

 among the subepidermal rusts ; and concludes by discussing in detail 

 the develojiment and structure of the stroma. 



Cultures of Gymnosporangium.t — From the cultivation of various 

 American species of Gymnosporangium, Mr. E. Thaxter has come to the 

 conclusion that the true Boestelia penicillata is not at present known in 

 that country ; that B. lacerafa is incorrectly named, and is the eecidium 

 of G. globosum ; and that B. botryapites is genetically connected with G. 

 hiseptatum, and B. aurantiaca with G. clavipes. B. cornuta is connected 

 w^th either G. globosum or G. conicum. 



Ravenelia.^— Dr. D. D. Cunningham describes in detail the lif "- 

 history of two species of Bavenelia common in the neighbourhood of 

 Calcutta, B. sessilis and B. stictica. Each species produces two forms of 

 uredospore aud two forms of teleutospore, as well as " spermatia " con- 

 tained in spermogones, but the jecidial generation is apparently entirely 

 wanting. Otherwise they correspond to the normal type of Uredinese. 



Caeoma Sm.ilacinis.§ — Dr. A. Barclay describes a hitherto unknown 

 species of Cseoma which attacks the leaves of Sniilax aspera at Simla 

 (N.W. Himalayas). He believes it to be the first completely autoecious 

 species of Cseoma yet described, the uredo-form and secidio-form being 

 parasitic on the same plant. The secidi.il form begins to appear in June 

 or July, and the leaves which bear it drop off' in October or November. 

 In October the uredospore-form begins to aj^pear in distinct patches 

 on the same leaves. The formation of teleutospores commences in 

 November. 



Macrosporium parasiticuin.|| — Mr. A. E. Shipley describes the life- 

 history of this fungus, found abundantly on diseased onions in the 



* Bot. Gazette, xiv. (1889) pp. 139-44 (1 pi.), 

 t T. c, pp. 163-72. Cf. this Journal, 1887, p. 445. 



X Scient. Mem. by Medical Officers of the Army of India, 1889, 15 pp. and 2 pis. 

 Cf. this .Journal, 1887, p. 446. 



§ Scient. Mem. by Medical Officers of the Army of India, 1889, 9 pp. and 2 pis 

 II Ann. of Bot., iii. (1889) pp. 2G8-7I. Cf. tliis Journal, ante, p. 562, 



