THE CUP. A RF\'1E\V And Bulletin. 



.\l;i|i <it tile .Ua.vari lUstiict. slioHiiij.' tlio Spanisli- AuiiTicaii Iron ('(lUiijany's Claiuus. tlji* Hailmad I" 

 Nipc I'.ay. and tlii' iiropc^iMl Village "f I'l'lion un Caciiiiava Key. Smink Mine is also Locati'd. 



Mapa del distrlto de Mayari en la proviiicia (M-lonte. conslgnando los titulos de la Compania auieri- 

 cana-espaiiola de hlerro, el ferroearril de Nipe Bay y el pueblo proyectado sobre Cogimaya Key. En 

 esta hacienda la Conipauia acalia de di'sciilirir un deiM(sit<i treuiendo ili- liierru agregando mas de 500 

 niilliones de toneladas. 8e va construir graiides oliras para excavar el minerfll. 



A MOST IMPORTANT DISCOVERY OF 500.000,000 TONS OF IRON 

 ORE DEPOSIT IN CUBA. 



The Spanish-American Iron Company, 

 a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Steel 

 Company, has large plans for the de- 

 velopment of its Mayari properties near 

 the northeast coast of Cuba (see map). 

 A discovery has been made in this section of 

 an ore body estimated to contain 500,000.000 

 tons. The prospecting began in the early 

 part of 1904. and the exploration and prov- 

 ing of the ore body and the acquisition 

 of lands and mineral rights has since been 

 carried on almost unknown to the public. 

 In the United States, Bessemer ores are a 

 rapidly diminishing quantity, and the Span- 

 ish-American Company's Mayari discoveries 

 are most timely. 



The new ore range is located in the 

 Province of Oriente, in the Mayari district, 

 about 12 miles southi of Nipe Bay. The ore 

 deposit is of blanket formation and unique 

 in that it begins at the roots of the trees, 

 there being no overburden to be stripped. 

 It is chiefly in the form of red earth, but 

 on the surface the ore is like bird shot and 

 slightly superior in iron contents to the 

 earthy ore beneath. The plateau in which 

 the deposit exists is roughly 10 miles long 

 and four miles wide. 



E.\RLY WORK IN I9O4 .\XD I9O5. 



The early exploration of the land by en- 

 gineers in 1904 demonstrated the advisabil- 

 it}- of systematic tests, and pits were dug 

 100 meters apart, later to 400 and 500 

 meters, and augur borings made in the 



bottom of each pit. Analyzation proved the 

 ore of uniform quality. The pits were still 

 later discontinued and borings only made, 

 checked by shafts, tunnels and open cuts. 

 In all. 3,030 borings were made and 15,000 

 analyses. The entire claim aggregates 

 27.870 acres. The experiments covered over 

 18,000 acres in 1904-05. and borings proved 

 that the ore body reaches a depth of 12 

 to 40 feet, hut in general the depth was 

 uniform, averaging 15 feet, which at 20 cu. 

 ft. to the ton gives 605,000,000 tons. This 

 figure may be exceeded, for the analysis 

 shows that 94 per cent, is regarded as work- 

 able ore. 



NEW MECHANICAL .\ND MET.\LLURGICAL FEA- 

 TURES PRESENTED. 



The soft nature and blanket formation 

 of the deposit invite the use of steam shov- 

 els, but its tenacity makes a new form of 

 dump-car necesary. It contains a high per- 

 centage of water, so drying is required to 

 reduce freight charges, while the dried ore, 

 almost dust like, 'demands its compression 

 into brick for furnace use. These and other 

 difficulties in the line of economical opera- 

 tion have been largely overcome. The elab- 

 orate tests made w^ere not made with ore 

 from the plateau already described, but 

 from a place called the Smink mine (see 

 map), within 2 1/2 miles of Levisa Bay. 

 A small deposit, identical, with the Mayari 

 ore, was found here, and 5,000 tons shipped, 

 and steel manufactured. 



