ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 



747 



function, in the second female stage of Coelostoma zselandtcum, and in the 

 adult female of the same insect. 



Mr. Maskell hardly helieves that the liquid serves for food for the 

 numerous dipterous and hymenopterous insects often found on the leaves 

 among the Coccids. The organ is only now and then exserted, not con- 

 stantly protruded as in Aphides. 



The honey dew excreted in drops or spray by Aphides, Psyllidae, 

 Coccidse, and others, forms a glutinous medium well suited for the 

 growth of fungoid spores. The black coating often observed on leaves, 

 especially on the lower ones, is due to a closely woven covering of fungus. 

 Among these fungoid growths, to which Signoret gave the name of 

 fumagine, and which Comstock calls Fumago salicina, a good many Hypho- 

 mycetes and Physomycetes may be found. It is a secondary, not a primary 

 disease, and sulphur and such-like are only at best superficial remedies. 



y. Prototracheata. 

 Peripatus of British Guiana.*— Mr. W. L. Sclater gives a notice of a 

 species of Peripatus from British Guiana which is unlike any yet named, 

 but appears to be the same as one noticed by Prof. Jeffrey Bell from 

 Dominica ; both have refrained from giving a name to or a full description 

 of the species, as they hope it will be described in Mr. A, Sedgwick's 

 forthcoming monograph. We may note that Schmarda's species from Quito 

 is not, as it should have been, enumerated, nor does Mr. Oakley's paper on 

 P. capensis appear in the bibliographical list. 



S. Arachnida. 



Homologues of Arachnid Appendages.f — Herr A. Lendl has studied 

 the develojiment of Epeira diademata with reference to the much discussed 

 problem of the homologies of the appendages. The general conclusions of 

 his investigation are as follows : — (a) The first pair represent antennae ; so 

 their origin, position, motion, jointing, and innervation from the supra- 

 cesophageal ganglion suggest, (h) The small tubercles under the upper 

 lip do not in the adult look like mandibles, but this is more evident in 

 their relatively less reduced embryonic state. In their origin, and in the 

 connection of their ganglia with the oesophageal ring they resemble 

 mandibles, (c) The import of the next pair (maxillas) is evident. ((Z) The 

 presternum is no lower lip, but a portion of the sternum supporting the 

 mandibles. No lower lip is discoverable, but the first of the four pairs of 

 legs represent the second pair of maxillae in insects. Their modification 

 into ambulatory legs is no argument against this. In the first pair also 

 the palp tends to predominate. 



* Proc. Zool. Soc. Lend.. 1887, pp. 130-7. 



t Math. u. Naturw. Ber. aus Ungarn, iv, (1886) pp 95-100. 



