ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY, MICROSCOPY, ETC. 101 



nacese, and Musci are fully described, and compared with one another. 

 In accordance with his views previously published, Lindberg considers 

 the organs of mosses which bryologists describe as the " flower," to 

 correspond, not to the flower, but to the inflorescence of flowering 

 plants. 



The Hepaticse are divided by the author into two sections : — 

 Calyptra gynogena, including Lejeunia, Frullania, &c., in which the 

 archegonia are stalked ; and Calyptra thalamogena, including Mic- 

 cardia, Lepidolcena, TricJiocolea, &c., in which the lower part of the 

 imbedded archegonium is formed from the stem, which therefore 

 takes part in the formation of the sporogonium. 



In Spliagnum Lindberg is unable to detect the two kinds of spore 

 described by Schimper ; they are all of the same size. In this 

 family he gives accurate descriptions of transverse sections of the 

 leaves. 



The following is his classification of the species of Sphagnum : — 



I. Eusphagnum. A. Sphagna palustria (fSf. j^oj-toncense, imhricatum, 

 papillosum, and palustre). B. S. subsecunda (S. tenellum, laricinum, 

 and suhsecundum). C. S. compacta (;S^. Angstroemii, molle, and com- 

 pactum). D. S. cuspidata [S. squarrosum,fimbriatum, stridum, nemoreum 

 {acuti folium), Wulfii, Lindbergii, and cuspidatum, with its varieties). 



II. Isocladus {S. macropliyllum and cribrosum n. sp.). 



III. Hemitheca (S. Pylaiei and cyclophyllum). 



The last section should probably be erected into a distinct genus, 

 with the following characteristics : — Foliis et bracteis fere conformibus, 

 eisdem trunci multo majoribus quam ramorum ; ramis femineis 

 brevibus, e medio trunci egredientibus ; fibris cellularum inanium 

 valde peeuliaribus. 



Fungi. 



Abnormal Hymenomycetes.* — F.Ludwig records several instances 

 of abnormality in Hymenomycetes, resulting from sudden alternations 

 in growth caused by the occui'rence of occasional warm dry days in a 

 very wet season. The species in which this was noticed were 

 Hydnum repandum, Lactarius ichoratus, Mussula depallens, Ganiliarellus 

 cibarius, Agaricus (Dermocyhe) cinnamoneus, A. {Inoloma) amethystinus, 

 and A. (Citocyhe) laccatus. They consisted mostly of secondary pilei 

 springing from the normal pileus, sometimes of secondary stipites 

 springing from the normal stipes ; these sometimes ended in pilei, 

 sometimes were barren. The secondary pilei were frequently of 

 different shape from the normal one, and sometinaes did not bear 

 lamellae. 



Phosphorescent Agaric.f — The phosphorescent species of Agari- 

 cini are at present limited to those the mycelium of which constitutes 

 the different kinds of so-called " rhizomorpha." F. Ludwig is now 

 able to add to the list Agaricus (Collybia) tuberosus, the resting 

 condition of which is known as " sclerotium cornutum." The sclerotia 

 may either develope into mycelium, or may form the fructification 

 direct. In the dark the mycelium of this species is distinctly 

 * Bot. Centralbl., xii. (1882) pp. 136-8. f Ibid., pp. 104-6. 



