206 SUMMARY OF CURRENT RESEARCHES RELATING TO 



and in some families also of a capsule, now described for tlie first 

 time, and derived from the 9tli lower arch (sternite) ; the ovipositor 

 is supplied with 32 muscles. The generative organs receive theii- 

 nervous supply from the last ganglion of the chain, their aeration 

 from the last stigma. Of the mnle organs, the 9th lower chitinous 

 arch forms the falciform piece, alfe, squamula, &c., between which the 

 penis is extruded ; the secretions of the seminal and accessory glands 

 enter the penis by a common canal. 



Male Genital Appendages of the Saltatory Orthoptera.* — The 

 externally visible segments of the abdomen which in these insects are 

 accessory to the generative organs are (1) the 9th in the male and 8th in 

 the female, the sternite of which forms the sub-genital lamina ; in 

 the males of the Acrididce it is often divided transversely, or it 

 cai'ries (in the Locustidoe) two mobile appendages articulated to its 

 lateral angles ; (2) the 11th, of which the tergum forms the supra- 

 anal lamina. But these are not the only segments connected with 

 these organs ; A. Targioni-Tozzetti finds that by raising the supra-anal 

 and depressing the sub-genital lamina, by which the more internal 

 parts are somewhat everted, a succession of folds are clearly seen, 

 provided with projecting margins of different shapes, which must be 

 regarded as representing the tergal, sternal, and lateral parts of as 

 many more or less complete somites. Of these inflected somites, the 

 tergite of the 1st is tridentate in Caloptenus italicus, and that of the 

 2nd is chitinized and bilobate in Pachytylus nigrofasciatus, and these 

 tergites evidently correspond to the organ termed titillator by Brunner 

 von Wattenwyl, since the tergite and sternite of the last projection 

 subdivide and combine to form the penis, which is of complicated 

 structui'e in both species. In Dedicus and EpMppigera the number 

 of inverted folds and of segments included by them is smaller, and 

 the penis is reduced to two sternal valves, which are broad at their 

 base and terminate in two stiliform appendages. These arrangements 

 dispose of the homology between the penis and the upper median 

 portion of the interior of the ovipositor of female LocustidcB, supposed 

 by Chadina to exist ; and the elements of the penis are, at any rate in 

 the Acrididce, rather to be connected with the styles of the female 

 armature, represented in Locustidce by the lateral valves of the 

 ovipositor. 



Circulation of Blood in the Larva of Hydrophilus.t — An 

 examination of living larvas of Hydrophilm under the Microscope by 

 Mr. G. Dimmock revealed the circulation of blood in their antennee 

 and trophi, which is distinctly visible and curious in its directions. 



The blood, after leaving the anterior extremity of the dorsal vessel 

 or heart and entering the head, divides itself into two lateral branches, 

 one of which descends on each side of the oesophagus, the two 

 branches reuniting beneath the cesophagus, a little anterior to their 

 division on its upper side, to form a median stream. Between the 

 point where the streams separate and reunite, each gives off three 

 branches, all of which flow in the same direction as the middle stream 



» Bull. Soo. Eutomol. Ital, xiv. (1882) pp. 381-5. 

 t Psyche, iii. (1882) pp. 321-6 (1 fig.). 



