ZOOLOGY AND BOTANY^ MICROSCOPY, ETC. 327 



contents of which, protoplasm and nucleus, are entirely used up in the for- 

 mation of the daughter-cells; nothing of the mother-cell remains except 

 its wall. 



Poisonous principles of Hymenomycetous Fungi.* — Herreu E. Bohm 

 and E. Kiilz find choline, the poisonous principle of Amanita muscaria, 

 present also in A. pantherina and Boletus luridus, to the extent of 1 per 

 cent, of the dry substance. In Helvella esculenta they found also an appa- 

 rently identical base. In A. pantJierina were found considerable quantities, 

 in B. luridus much smaller quantities, varying with the season, identical in 

 its properties with the muscarine of A. muscaria ; the former species must 

 be regarded as poisonous ; B. luridus as suspicious, but often harmless. 



In Helvella esculenta, which is frequently poisonous, the authors found 

 a poisonous acid with the composition Gi23.2o07, which they call helvellic 

 acid ; and in B. luridus, an acid to which they give the name luridic acid, 

 easily obtainable in stable wine-red crystals, containing no nitrogen ; it is 

 probably the characteristic pigment of this fungus. In A. pantherinus was 

 found a crystallizable acid of very similar composition, which the authors 

 call pantherinic acid. 



Schulzeria, a new genus of Hymenomycetes.t — Under this name Sig. 

 S. G. Bresaloda describes a new genus of Agaricini belonging to the group 

 Leucospori. It is distinguished from Lepiota by the absence of an annulus, 

 presenting therefore a parallel genus to Pluteus and Pilosaca. In addition 

 to the above, it is characterized by the absence of a volva, by the pileus 

 being differentiated from the stipes, and by the lamellae being rounded be- 

 hind and quite free from the stipes. The author describes two species, 

 S. rimulosa and squamigera, both from Slavonia. 



Lycogalopsis Solmsii, a new Gasteromycete.^ — Under this name Herr 

 E. Fischer describes the type of a new genus of Gasteromycetss gathered 

 in Java by Graf Solms-Laubach. He places it between the Lycoperdacefe 

 and Hymenogastrese, near to Scleroderma. The fructiiication has a peculiar 

 laminated appearance, owing to the repeated cessation of growth of the weft 

 of hyphse of which it is composed ; the denser portions of this weft not 

 unfrequently inclose solid foreign bodies. The development of the gleba 

 is described in detail. The spores are from 3 to 4 yu, in diameter, of a 

 nearly spherical or more irregular form, sessile or shortly stalked, 6—7 

 formed on each basidium, with a thick outer membrane ; and they escape in 

 the form of a fine powder when the rest of the gleba deliquesces. A rudi- 

 mentary formation of capillitium is to be detected. 



New Aspergillus. § — Dr. F. Morini describes a new species of this 

 genus, or of Sterigmatocystis, which should probably be incorporated in it. 

 It was found in a greenhouse, on Ozonium auricomum, forming bright blue 

 spots just visible to the naked eye. Each of these spots consists of a 

 bundle of filaments, from 105 to 150 /x in length, gradually narrowing 

 upwards. Near the apex of each filament is a septum, and at the summit 

 it branches into a nearly globular cluster of minute elliptical hyaline 

 spores, about 4-5 fi long by 1 • 3-1 • 5 /a broad. These spores are arranged 

 in chains springing from sterigmata 10-12 /x long, themselves seated on 



* Arch. f. Exper. Pathol u. Pharmacol., xix. (1SS5). See Bot. Ztg., xliv. (1886) 

 p. 642. 



t Bresaloda, S. G., ' Schulzeria, nuove genere d'Imenomiceti,' 9 pp. and 1 pi., 

 Trient, 1886. 



X Ber. Deutsch. Bot. GeselL, iv. (1886) pp. 192-7 (1 pi.). 



§ Malpighia, i. (1886) pp. 24-31 (1 pi.). 



