July 15, 1898.] 



SCIENCE. 



Zeeman effect from the physical laboratory of 

 Johns Hopkins University are contributed by 

 Messrs. Ames, Earhart and Reese. Other arti- 

 cles are by Professor C. Runge, of Hannover ; 

 Mr. W. H. S. Monck and Mr. L. E. Jewell. 



The July number of The Psychological Review 

 opens with an article by Sig. Gustavo Tosti, 

 discussing the fields and inter-relations of social 

 psychology and physiology. Professor J. H. 

 Hyslop contributes an article entitled ' Psy- 

 chical Research and Coincidences,' in which he 

 shows that individual cases of premonition may 

 be explained by normal processes of mind. 

 Professor Chas. H. Judd treats the visual per- 

 ception of the third dimension. There are 

 shorter articles by Professor Caldwell, on ' Pro- 

 fessor Titchener's View of the Self;' by Dr. 

 MacDonald, on ' A Temporal Algometer ;' by 

 Professor Baldwin, on ' Social Interpretations ;' 

 and by Professor Cattell, criticising Professor 

 Miinsterberg's article on the 'Danger from Ex- 

 perimental Psychology. ' 



The American Journal of Physiology issued 

 on July 1st contains the following articles : 

 ■' On intestinal Absorption and the Saline Ca- 

 thartics,' by George B. "Wallace and Arthur 

 E. Cushny. ' The Movements of the Food in 

 the CEsophagus,' by W. B. Cannon and A. 

 Moser. ' A Contribution to the Chemistry of 

 Cytological Staining,' by Albert Mathews. 

 ' Notes on Cetraria Islandica (Iceland Moss),' 

 by Ernest W. Brown Ph.D. 'Variations in 

 the Amylolytic Power and Chemical Composi- 

 tion of Human Mixed Saliva,' by R. H. Chit- 

 tenden and A. N. Richards, B. A. ' The Ve- 

 nometer Nerves of the Hind Limb,' by F. W. 

 Bancroft. ' An Analysis of the Action of the 

 Vagus Nerve on the Heart,' by L. J. J. 

 Muskens. ' A New Method for the Study of 

 the Isolated Mammalian Heart,' by W. T. 

 Porter. 



The Open Court for July contains as a frontis- 

 piece a portrait of Lobachevsky taken from the 

 bronze statue placed recently in the square now 

 bearing his name, facing the University at 

 Kazan, and the number contains an interesting 

 account of the great geometer by Professor 

 <Jeorge Bruce Halsted. 



Under the title ' The Fastest Vessel Afloat ' 



Mr. Cleveland Mofiett describes, in the July 

 number oi McCliire^s Magazine, the ' Turbina' 

 and a trip upon it in which the extraordinary 

 speed of 40 miles an hour was attained. The 

 writer holds that the Turbine engine will rev- 

 olutionize steamship travel where there is a 

 plentiful supply of coal. 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 

 TOEEBY BOTANICAL CLUB, MAY 10, 1898. 



The first paper, by Dr. Arthur Hollick and 

 Mrs. Elizabeth G. Britton, was entitled ' A De- 

 scription of a new Fossil Moss from Seattle, 

 Washington, collected by Professor I. C. Rus- 

 sell.' The paper was read by Dr. Hollick, who 

 also exhibited the original specimen, a frag- 

 ment sent to Mrs. Britton for identification by 

 Professsr F. H. Knowlton, of the National 

 Museum in Washington. Professor Knowlton 

 supplied the following facts: "The specimen 

 was collected by Professor I. C. Russell in July, 

 1897, near Cle Elum, Kittletas Co., Washington, 

 and occurs in the Roslyn sandstone ; its age is 

 probably lower Miocene or Upper Eocene. It 

 is associated with species of Lygodiiim, TJlmus, 

 Planera and a number of other beautifully pre- 

 served leaves. It is in any case the oldest un- 

 doubted moss thus far found in this country. 

 The so-called Hypnum Haydeni of Lesquereux 

 is with little doubt a Lycopodium." The speci- 

 men represents only the tip of a branch, about 

 one-half inch in length ; it is sterile and has 

 been compared with figures and descriptions of 

 other fossil American niosses, and differs from 

 them all. It is undoubtedly a new species of 

 the Hypnacese, probably a Rhynchostegium, and 

 will be named for its discoverer, Professor 

 Knowlton. 



Dr. Hollick showed a drawing of the fossil 

 species and also several drawings made from 

 living species which it most resem.bles. None 

 of these, however, are exact equivalents. 



In the discussion following, it was remarked 

 by Mr. Hollick that fossil mosses are extremely 

 rare. All specimens known are Tertiary or 

 later, one reported from a Carboniferous horizon 

 being now thought doubtful ; but the existence 

 of mosses in Jurassic times is inferred from the 

 existence of an insect then, the present repre- 



