198 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. VIII. No. 190. 



of America. The doctorates conferred by 

 the several universities are classified in the 

 accompanying table : 



Universities. 



Chicago 



Yale 



Johns Hopkins 



Harvard 



Pennsylvania 



Columbia 



Cornell 



Clark 



Michigan 



New York 



Wisconsin 



Bryn Mawr 



Leland Stanford, Jr., 



Nebraska 



Brown 



California 



Columb an 



Minnesota 



Total number of Ph.D. 

 degrees conferred. 



KH 



It is gi-atifying for the scientific student 

 to note that 105 degrees were conferred in 

 the sciences. The number of degrees in 

 science surpasses or approximately equals 

 the number in the humanities in all the 

 universities except Yale, Michigan and 

 New York, and in nearly all cases exceeds 

 the number in history and economics. The 

 universities vary somewhat, the sciences 

 being relatively favored at Johns Hopkins, 

 the humanities at Yale, and history and 

 economics at Chicago. Princeton conferred 

 one D. Sc, and is not included in the table. 

 The standards of the universities vary some- 

 what, and it is unfortunate that in certain 

 cases the theses are not printed. It 

 is a sign of progress that the Ph. D. degree 

 causa honoris was apparently not given last 

 year by any important institution. 



There are probably not as many as one 

 thousand men of science in the United States 



engaged in original research, and the forces 

 are consequently greatly strengthened by 

 one hundred recruits — not including those 

 from Germany and elsewhere — in a single 

 year. The distribution of these students 

 among the different sciences was as follows : 



Chemistry 27 



Psychology 18 



Zoology 12 



Mathematics 11 



Physics 11 



Botany 11 



Geology 6 



Physiology 4 



Astronomy 3 



Anthropology 2 



The names of those on whom the doctor- 

 ate was conferred for work in these sciences, 

 and the subjects of their theses, are as fol- 

 lows : 



The Johns Hopkins University. 



Cleveland Abbe, Jr. : Geology, Some Maryland 

 Rivers and their Development : A Contribution to the 

 Physiographic History of Maryland. 



Howard Bell Arbuokle : Chemistry, A Redeter- 

 mination of the Atomic Weights of Zinc and Cad- 

 mium. 



Charles Gilpin Cook : Chemistry, Some Double 

 Halides of Tin with the Aliphatic Amines and with 

 Tetramethylammonium. 



Frederick Henry Duryea Crane : Chemistry, A 

 Contribution to the Knowledge of Tellurium. 



Oilman Arthur Drew : Zoology, The Anatomy, 

 Habits and Embryology of Yoldia Limatula, Say. 



John Eiesland : Mathematics, On a Certain Class 

 of Functions with Line-Singularities. 



Charles Wilson Greene : Physiology, On the Re- 

 lations of the Inorganic Salts found in Blood to the 

 Automatic Activity of a Strip of Cardiac Muscle. 



James Graham Hardy : Mathematics, On One- 

 Variable Displacements in a Space of Four Dimen- 

 sions, and on Curves of Triple Curvature. 



Caleb Notbohm Harrison : Physics, Tlie Arc-Spec- 

 tra of the Elements Lanthanum, Vanadium, Zirco- 

 nium. 



William App Jones : Chemistry, A Contribution 

 to the Knowledge of Dioarbonyl Cuprous Chloride. 



Arthur Gray Leonard : Geology, The Basic Rocks 

 of Northeastern Maryland and their Relation to the 

 Granite. 



Charles Elwood Mendenhall : Physics, A Bolomet- 



