OCTOBEE 21, 1898.] 



SCmNOE. 



537 



Johns Hopkins University the first Ameri- 

 can laboratory of psychology — the second 

 in the world * — since transferred to Clark 

 University. The American Journal of Psy- 

 chology, founded by him in 1887, shows the 

 value of the work accomplished at Johns 

 Hopkins and Clark, while the Pedagogical 

 Seminar bears witness to his influence in 

 stimulating interest in the child's develop- 

 ment. Ladd published, in 1887, his Elements 

 of Physiological Psychology, a work that has 

 exerted great influence both here and 

 abroad. It has been followed by a series 

 of treatises on psychology that have never 

 been equalled in range and thoroughness. 



Under James, Hall and Ladd and in 

 Germany there was then trained a second 

 generation of psychologists, and we our- 

 selves now have our students, a third gener- 

 ation. The second American laboratory was 

 under my direction at the University of 

 Pennsylvania. The first chair in psychol- 

 ogy was there established and courses in 

 laboratory work were there first given. This 

 was only ten years ago. The work at Penn- 

 sylvania is continued under Witmer, while 

 at Columbia we have since 1890 a labora- 

 tory and a range of courses in experimen- 

 tal, physiological and analytic psychology 

 which may bear comparison with those of 

 the other sciences. Baldwin carried modern 

 psychology, himself enlarging it as he went, 

 from Princeton to Lake Forest and thence 

 to Toronto and back to Princeton. The 

 laboratory established by him at Toronto 

 is continued under Kirschmann, while at 

 Princeton he has founded an eflicient lab- 

 oratory, and by his work on genetic psy- 

 chology has brought our science into fruit- 

 ful relations with zoology and sociology. 

 Jastrow, at Wisconsin, stands forward 



* It woulcT be more correct to regard the laboratory 

 established about the year 1875 by James in the 

 Scientific School of Harvard University as the -world's 

 first psychological laboratory. It was, however, nom- 

 inally under physiological auspices. 



as a leader in experimental psychology 

 having accomplished much for the advance- 

 ment of the science and the diffusion o 

 its results. In the latter connection may 

 be mentioned the psychological laboratory 

 under his direction at the Columbian Ex- 

 position and the fact that almost alone he 

 has represented psychology in this Associa- 

 tion. 



The great services for psychology of 

 James at Harvard, Hall at Clark and Ladd 

 at Yale were not confined to their own 

 publications, but were also directed toward 

 building up strong departments. Harvard, 

 with James, Miinsterberg, E.oyce,Santayana, 

 MacDougal and other men ia closely related 

 departments, surpasses every other univer- 

 sity in the world in its opportunity for 

 psychological study and research, and there 

 is quite as much reason for German stu- 

 dents to come to Harvard as for our stu- 

 dents to go to Germany. Clark, where 

 Sanford has charge of the laboratory, 

 may almost be said to be a university for 

 the advancement of psychology. The lab- 

 oratory at Yale, under Scripture, has 

 shown great activity and is able to publish 

 annually a volume of researches. Cornell, 

 under a president who is a student of phil- 

 osophy and psychology, has robbed Great 

 Britain of its best exprimental psychologist, 

 and under Titchener the laboratory stands 

 quite to the front, while the courses in 

 philosophy and psychology are especially 

 well developed. Chicago early recognized 

 the importance of psychology. Securing 

 Dewey and Mead from Michigan and Angell 

 for experimental work from Minnesota, in 

 psychology, as in other departments, its de- 

 velopment has been marvellous. Michigan 

 and Minnesota have found other men to 

 continue the work, while Stanford, Califor- 

 nia, Indiana, Iowa, Illinois and all the great 

 State universities have established labora- 

 tories and given an adequate place to psy- 

 chological courses. 



