550 



SCIENCE. 



[N. S. Vol. VIII. No. 199. 



he first became professor in Berlin, numbered 

 only some 1,500 specimens. But Vircbow is 

 not merely tbe greatest of living pathologists ; 

 he has for half a century been equally promi- 

 nent in his own country as a politician. He 

 has for many years been the leader of the Op- 

 position in the German Reichsrath, and between 

 thirty and forty years ago he had the honor of 

 being challenged by Prince Bismarck. It is 

 much to Virchow's honor that he had the cour- 

 age to decline to risk a life so valuable for 

 science and humanity In a foolish duel. Even 

 pathology and politics do not exhaust the intel- 

 lectual activities of this many-sided man. He 

 is President of the German Geographical So- 

 ciety, in the work of which he takes the keenest 

 interest. He is also justly famous as an anthro- 

 pologist and archaeologist. It may be added 

 that in his writings he shows a feeling for liter- 

 ary form rare in medical authors, and especially 

 rare in German professors. His lucidity of 

 style and the logical order in which he unfolds 

 his thoughts make his works a pleasure to read. 



Dr. Woodward, Health Officer of the Dis- 

 trict of Columbia, has submitted to the Com- 

 missioners his estimates for appropriation, the 

 sum being placed at $160,540. The estimates 

 include $5,000 for the establishment and mainte- 

 nance of a bacteriological laboratory. 



Good work is being done by the Paris mu- 

 nicipal bacteriological laboratory, says the New 

 York Medical Record. This laboratory for the 

 diagnosis of contagious aflfectious was created 

 by the Municipal Council in 1895, and is open 

 to the public every day in the year from eight 

 o'clock in the morning until eight in the even- 

 ing, including Sundays and holidays ; more- 

 over, the necessary articles are given to doc- 

 tors who ask for them for the bacteriological 

 diagnosis of diphtheria, tuberculosis and con- 

 tagious affections of which the germs are known. 

 The results of the analyses are sent directly to 

 the doctors, at longest twenty-four hours after 

 reception of the pathogenic products at the 

 laboratory. These results can be sent by tele- 

 graph if desired and at the expense of the doc- 

 tor, but the examination and diagnosis are ab- 

 solutely gratis. The laboratory received in 

 August, 1898, forty-eight products suspected to 



be tuberculous, in which the bacillus of Koch 

 was discovered sixteen times. 



UNIVERSITY AND ED OCA TIONAL NE WS. 

 The Board of Education of New York City 

 has presented to the Board of Estimate and 

 Apportionment a request for over $12,000,000 

 for current expenses and about $10,000,000 for 

 new buildings for the year 1899. The estimates 

 for current expenses are $3,000,000 more than 

 the appropriation for the present year, the ad- 

 ditional sum being intended chiefly for the in- 

 crease of salaries. 



The will of the late John D. W. Joy, of Bos- 

 ton, gives $30,000 to Tufts College, the bequest 

 to take effect on the death of his widow. 



A NEW class of honorary fellowships has been 

 created this year at Cornell University. Those 

 holding the Ph.D. degree from any institution 

 may obtain these fellowships, which carry no 

 emolument, but allow free tuition, the use of 

 the library, etc. 



Dr. Simon Flexner, associate professor of 

 pathology at the Johns Hopkins University, 

 has been appointed professor of pathological 

 anatomy. 



The following promotions and new appoint- 

 ments have been made at the Massachusetts In- 

 stitute of Technology : Henry P. Talbot, to be 

 professor of analytical chemistry ; H. O. Hoff- 

 man, professor of mining and metallurgy ; D. 

 P. Bartlett, associate professor of mathematics ; 

 R. R. Lawrence, instructor in physics ; and as 

 assistants : J. C. Coffin, H. W. Smith and M. D. 

 Thompson, in physics ; and G. M. Holman, in 

 biology. 



The following instructors have been ap- 

 pointed in the University of Michigan : Law- 

 rence Bigelow, in chemistry ; James Pollock, 

 Hamilton Timberlake and Julia W. Snow, in 

 botany ; Augustus Trowbridge, in physics ; W. 

 H. Butts and A. W. Whiting, in mathematics, 

 and Archibald Campbell, in organic chemistry. 



Dr. Martin B. Stubbs, of Haverford Col- 

 lege and Johns Hopkins University, has been 

 appointed assistant in chemistry and physics in 

 Haverford College. 



The British Education Department has issued 



